Coordinate-independent Angle-gathers For Wave Equation Migration

We formulate angle decomposition, during and after wavefield extrapolation, independent of the choice of coordinate systems. The key idea is to describe the source-receiver separation during wavefield extrapolation as a vector quantity. This formulation links the reflection angle to the magnitude of the offset vector, thus reducing the cost and storage associated with angle decomposition. This coordinate-independent formulation eliminates the difficulties encountered by traditional angle decompositions for steeply dipping reflectors, and it can also be used for extrapolation techniques in general, non-Cartesian coordinate systems.

[1]  Jack K. Cohen,et al.  Mathematics of Multidimensional Seismic Imaging, Migration, and Inversion , 2001 .

[2]  Sergey Fomel,et al.  Theory of 3-D angle gathers in wave-equation imaging , 2004 .

[3]  Samuel H. Gray,et al.  Prestack Gaussian-beam depth migration in anisotropic media , 2007 .

[4]  P. Sava,et al.  Wave‐equation common‐angle gathers for converted waves , 2005 .

[5]  Paul Sava,et al.  Riemannian wavefield extrapolation , 2005 .

[6]  Charles C. Mosher,et al.  Common angle imaging conditions for pre-stack depth migration , 2000 .

[7]  J. Etgen,et al.  Beam-wave Imaging , 2003 .

[8]  Maarten V. de Hoop,et al.  Generalization of the Bremmer coupling series , 1996 .

[9]  R. Wu,et al.  Prestack depth migration with acoustic screen propagators , 1996 .

[10]  Imaging Overturned Waves By Plane-wave Migration In Tilted Coordinates , 2004 .

[11]  D. Hale,et al.  Imaging salt with turning seismic waves , 1992 .

[12]  Biondo Biondi,et al.  Angle-domain common image gathers by wave-equation migration , 1999 .

[13]  A. J. Berkhout,et al.  Angle-dependent reflectivity by means of prestack migration , 1990 .

[14]  Robert Soubaras.  Angle gathers for shot-record migration by local harmonic decomposition in 73rd Ann , 2003 .

[15]  Biondo Biondi.  Stable wide‐angle Fourier‐finite difference downward extrapolation of 3‐D wavefields , 2001 .

[16]  Jon F. Claerbout,et al.  Imaging the Earth's Interior , 1985 .

[17]  Biondo Biondi,et al.  Prestack imaging of overturned reflections by reverse time migration , 2002 .

[18]  W. Symes,et al.  Angle‐domain common‐image gathers for migration velocity analysis by wavefield‐continuation imaging , 2004 .

[19]  Paul Sava,et al.  Angle-domain common-image gathers by wavefield continuation methods , 2003 .

[20]  D. Ristow,et al.  Fourier finite-difference migration , 1994 .

[21]  Ru-Shan Wu,et al.  Extracting Angle Domain Information From Migrated Wavefield , 2002 .

[22]  V. Červený,et al.  Seismic Ray Theory , 2001, Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics.

[23]  J. Etgen,et al.  Beam-Wave Migration , 2003 .

[24]  Paul Sava,et al.  Offset and angle-domain common image-point gathers for shot-profile migration , 2002 .

[25]  J. Etgen,et al.  Seismic migration problems and solutions , 2001 .