A New Frequency Control Strategy in Real Power Systems Considering Wind Energy

This chapter presents a coordination of secondary frequency control (i.e., load frequency control) and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) technology using a new optimal PID controller in a real power system (e.g., Egyptian power system (EPS)) considering high wind power penetration (HWPP). This coordination scheme is proposed for compensating the system frequency deviation, preventing the conventional generators from exceeding their power ratings during load disturbances, and mitigating the power fluctuations from wind power plants. The EPS considering HWPP was tested by the MATLAB/Simulink simulation to prove the effectiveness of the proposed coordinated control strategy. The convention plants of the EPS are decomposed into three dynamics subsystems: hydro, reheat, and non-reheat power plants. Moreover, the physical constraints of the governors and turbines such as generation rate constraint (GRC) of power plants and speed governor dead-band are taken into consideration. The results show the superior robustness of the proposed coordination against all scenarios of various load profiles, and system uncertainties in the EPS considering HWPP. Furthermore, the results were verified by comparing it with both the optimal LFC with/without the effect of conventional SMES, which is without modifying the input control signal.

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