Artificial intelligence tools such as expert systems and artificial neural systems have been heralded as new approaches to financial decision-making. Expert systems, bowever, are unable to cope with incomplete or inaccurate data and are dependent on twovalue logic. Furthermore, extracting knowledge from the experts may be a costly and time-consuming task. Artificial neural systems sufferfrom their inability to explain the steps by which they reach decisions and their inability to incorporate rules into their structure.