MIMOS: A Deterministic Model for the Design and Update of Real-Time Systems

Inspired by the pioneering work of Gilles Kahn on concurrent systems, we propose to model timed systems as a network of software components (implemented as real-time processes or tasks), each of which is specified to compute a collection of functions according to given timing constraints. We present a fixed-point semantics for this model which shows that each system function of such a network computes for a given set of (timed) input streams, a deterministic (timed) output stream. As a desired feature, such a network model can be modified by integrating new components for adding new system functions without changing the existing ones. Additionally, existing components may be replaced also by new ones fulfilling given requirements. Thanks to the deterministic semantics, a model-based approach is enabled for not only building systems but also updating them after deployment, allowing for efficient analysis techniques such as model-in-the-loop simulation to verify the complete behaviour of the updated system.

[1]  E.A. Lee,et al.  Synchronous data flow , 1987, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[2]  Gregor Gößler,et al.  Building Correct Cyber-Physical Systems: Why We Need a Multiview Contract Theory , 2018, FMICS.

[3]  Wang Yi,et al.  The Digraph Real-Time Task Model , 2011, 2011 17th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium.

[4]  David Broman,et al.  Timed C: An Extension to the C Programming Language for Real-Time Systems , 2018, 2018 IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS).

[5]  Wang Yi,et al.  Communicating Timed Automata: The More Synchronous, the More Difficult to Verify , 2006, CAV.

[6]  Edward A. Lee,et al.  Scheduling dynamic dataflow graphs with bounded memory using the token flow model , 1993, 1993 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[7]  Martin Stigge Real-Time Workload Models : Expressiveness vs. Analysis Efficiency , 2014 .

[8]  James W. Layland,et al.  Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Environment , 1989, JACM.

[9]  Paul Caspi,et al.  About the Design of Distributed Control Systems: The Quasi-Synchronous Approach , 2001, SAFECOMP.

[10]  Sanjoy K. Baruah,et al.  Generalized Multiframe Tasks , 1999, Real-Time Systems.

[11]  Sanjoy K. Baruah,et al.  A Generalized Parallel Task Model for Recurrent Real-time Processes , 2012, 2012 IEEE 33rd Real-Time Systems Symposium.

[12]  Wang Yi,et al.  Graph-based models for real-time workload: a survey , 2015, Real-Time Systems.

[13]  Wang Yi,et al.  Towards Customizable CPS: Composability, Efficiency and Predictability , 2017, ICFEM.

[14]  Nicolas Halbwachs,et al.  Synchronous Programming of Reactive Systems , 1992, CAV.

[15]  Guillaume Baudart,et al.  A Synchronous Approach to Quasi-Periodic Systems , 2017 .

[16]  Hermann Kopetz,et al.  The time-triggered architecture , 1998, Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98).

[17]  Wang Yi,et al.  Worst-Case Cause-Effect Reaction Latency in Systems with Non-Blocking Communication , 2019, 2019 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE).

[18]  Thomas A. Henzinger,et al.  Giotto: a time-triggered language for embedded programming , 2001, Proc. IEEE.

[19]  Yves Sorel,et al.  Latency upper bound for data chains of real-time periodic tasks , 2020, J. Syst. Archit..

[20]  Alexander Dörflinger,et al.  Demonstrating Controlled Change for Autonomous Space Vehicles , 2019, 2019 NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS).

[21]  Marc Pouzet,et al.  N-synchronous Kahn networks: a relaxed model of synchrony for real-time systems , 2006, POPL '06.

[22]  Gilles Kahn,et al.  The Semantics of a Simple Language for Parallel Programming , 1974, IFIP Congress.

[23]  Wang Yi,et al.  Task automata: Schedulability, decidability and undecidability , 2007, Inf. Comput..

[24]  Edward A. Lee,et al.  Dataflow process networks , 1995, Proc. IEEE.

[25]  Sanjoy K. Baruah,et al.  A Generalized Parallel Task Model for Recurrent Real-time Processes , 2012, 2012 IEEE 33rd Real-Time Systems Symposium.