A review of renewable energy utilization in islands

With the surge in the fossil fuel prices and increasing environmental concerns, significant efforts have been made to propel and develop alternative energy technologies to cope with the energy shortage for island power grids. Recent advancements and developments on power electronic technologies have enabled the renewable energy sources to be grid-connected with gradually higher penetration in island electricity supply. Consequently, the utilization and efficiency of renewable energy resources in islands has received remarkable attention from both the academia and industry. In this paper, a brief overview on the current status of island energy resources is described. Then, the existing utilization status and development potential of various renewable generations for island power grids, including solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, ocean and geothermal energy, are investigated. Furthermore, the advanced technologies to improve the penetration level of island renewables, including energy storage techniques, hybrid renewable energy system, microgrid, demand side management, distributed generation and smart grid, are presented.

[1]  Tamilmaran Vijayapriya,et al.  Smart Grid: An Overview , 2011 .

[2]  Daniel M. Kammen,et al.  Renewable energy sector development in the Caribbean: Current trends and lessons from history , 2013 .

[3]  Guangyu Tu,et al.  Optimal sizing and control strategy of isolated grid with wind power and energy storage system , 2014 .

[4]  Raquel Segurado,et al.  Increasing the penetration of renewable energy resources in S. Vicente, Cape Verde , 2011 .

[5]  N. Duić,et al.  Renewislands—Renewable energy solutions for islands , 2007 .

[6]  Carlos Silva,et al.  Design and implementation of hybrid renewable energy systems on micro-communities: A review on case studies , 2014 .

[7]  Aurobi Das,et al.  Sustainable energy future via grid interactive operation of spv system at isolated remote island , 2012 .

[8]  J Crawford.  ISLENET: European Islands Energy & Environment Network -- ISLENET: Reseau Insulaire Europeen sur L'energie et L'environnement , 1999 .

[9]  Hongxing Yang,et al.  Technical feasibility study on a standalone hybrid solar-wind system with pumped hydro storage for a remote island in Hong Kong , 2014 .

[10]  Paul Bertheau,et al.  Assessment of the Global Potential for Renewable Energy Storage Systems on Small Islands , 2014 .

[11]  Emmanuel Kakaras,et al.  Techno-economic analysis of the energy exploitation of biomass residues in Heraklion Prefecture—Crete , 2009 .

[12]  Joao P. S. Catalao,et al.  Modelling and sizing of NaS (sodium sulfur) battery energy storage system for extending wind power performance in Crete Island , 2015 .

[13]  J. Kaldellis,et al.  Evaluation of the wind–hydro energy solution for remote islands , 2001 .

[14]  W. Moore,et al.  An assessment of the economic and social impacts of climate change on the tourism sector in the Caribbean , 2013 .

[15]  Andreas Sumper,et al.  A review of energy storage technologies for wind power applications , 2012 .

[16]  Hongxing Yang,et al.  A feasibility study of a stand-alone hybrid solar–wind–battery system for a remote island , 2014 .

[17]  G. Krajačić,et al.  Hydrogen as an energy vector in the islands' energy supply , 2008 .

[18]  Anja Schwerin.  Analysis of the potential solar energy market in the Caribbean , 2010 .

[19]  Yang Fan,et al.  Design and Implementation of stand-alone smart grid employing renewable energy resources on Pulau Ubin Island of Singapore , 2012, 2012 Asia-Pacific Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility.

[20]  Alan S. Fung,et al.  Review of marine renewable energies: Case study of Iran , 2011 .

[21]  George N. Prodromidis,et al.  Simulations of economical and technical feasibility of battery and flywheel hybrid energy storage systems in autonomous projects , 2012 .

[22]  Pavlos S. Georgilakis,et al.  Generation Expansion Planning of Crete Power System for High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources , 2010 .

[23]  Canbing Li,et al.  Energy management system architecture for new energy power supply system of islands , 2012, 2012 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT).

[24]  Fergal O. Rourke,et al.  School of Mechanical and Design Engineering 2010-0401 Marine Current Energy Devices : Current Status and Possible Future Applications in Ireland , 2017 .

[25]  B. Buckham,et al.  Integration of a wave energy converter into the electricity supply of a remote Alaskan island , 2010 .

[26]  Ruggero Bertani,et al.  World geothermal power generation in the period 2001–2005 , 2005 .

[27]  José A. Carta,et al.  Wind powered pumped hydro storage systems, a means of increasing the penetration of renewable energy in the Canary Islands , 2006 .

[28]  A. Demiroren,et al.  Analysis of change in electric energy cost with using renewable energy sources in Gökceada, Turkey: An island example , 2010 .

[29]  G. C. Bakos,et al.  A new energy planning methodology for the penetration of renewable energy technologies in electricity sector—application for the island of Crete , 2006 .

[30]  N. Papadakis,et al.  Electricity supply on the island of Dia based on renewable energy sources (R.E.S.) , 2009 .

[31]  Antonio Colmenar-Santos,et al.  The impact of different grid regulatory scenarios on the development of renewable energy on islands: A comparative study and improvement proposals , 2013 .

[32]  Lennart Söder,et al.  Distributed generation : a definition , 2001 .

[33]  G. Krajačić,et al.  RenewIslands methodology for sustainable energy and resource planning for islands , 2008 .

[34]  Niki Frantzeskaki,et al.  Sustainable energy planning by using multi-criteria analysis application in the island of Crete , 2009 .

[35]  A. Keane,et al.  A Smart Integrated Network for an Offshore Island , 2013, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[36]  O. Marc,et al.  Renewable energy: Progressing towards a net zero energy island, the case of Reunion Island , 2012 .

[37]  Evripidis Lois,et al.  Techno-economic analysis of RES & hydrogen technologies integration in remote island power system , 2013 .

[38]  E. Michalena,et al.  Local challenges in the promotion of renewable energy sources: The case of Crete , 2009 .

[39]  Brad Williams,et al.  Using microgrids to integrate distributed renewables into the grid , 2010, 2010 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe).

[40]  Ionel Vechiu,et al.  Control of a Vanadium Redox Battery and supercapacitor using a Three-Level Neutral Point Clamped converter , 2014 .

[41]  J. Paatero,et al.  Extension of energy crops on surplus agricultural lands: A potentially viable option in developing countries while fossil fuel reserves are diminishing , 2014 .

[42]  Emmanuel Kakaras,et al.  The energy policy of the Republic of Cyprus , 2009 .

[43]  John K. Kaldellis,et al.  Optimum autonomous photovoltaic solution for the Greek islands on the basisof energy pay-back analysis , 2009 .

[44]  Nadia Maïzi,et al.  Réunion Island's energy autonomy objective by 2030 , 2014 .

[45]  Bo Zhao,et al.  Optimal sizing, operating strategy and operational experience of a stand-alone microgrid on Dongfushan Island , 2014 .

[46]  Nikos D. Hatziargyriou,et al.  Impact of large-scale integration of intelligent meters to the operation of the power system of crete , 2011, 2011 16th International Conference on Intelligent System Applications to Power Systems.

[47]  Chian-Woei Shyu,et al.  Ensuring access to electricity and minimum basic electricity needs as a goal for the post-MDG development agenda after 2015 , 2014 .

[48]  Ruggero Bertani,et al.  Geothermal power generation in the world 2005–2010 update report , 2012 .

[49]  Daniel Weisser,et al.  On the economics of electricity consumption in small island developing states: a role for renewable energy technologies? , 2004 .

[50]  E. Gilman,et al.  Threats to mangroves from climate change and adaptation options: A review , 2008 .

[51]  Justin E. Stopa,et al.  Assessment of wave energy resources in Hawaii , 2011 .

[52]  Tiago L. Farias,et al.  The electric vehicles as a mean to reduce CO2 emissions and energy costs in isolated regions. The São Miguel (Azores) case study , 2012 .

[53]  Ιωάννης Καλδέλλης,et al.  Optimum autonomous photovoltaic solution for the Greek islands on the basis of energy pay-back analysis , 2009 .

[54]  Sarah Busche,et al.  Power systems balancing with high penetration renewables: The potential of demand response in Hawaii , 2013 .

[55]  M. Linnenluecke,et al.  Firm relocation as adaptive response to climate change and weather extremes , 2011 .

[56]  Matthew Dornan.  Access to electricity in Small Island Developing States of the Pacific: Issues and challenges , 2014 .

[57]  Hongxing Yang,et al.  Feasibility study and economic analysis of pumped hydro storage and battery storage for a renewable energy powered island , 2014 .

[58]  Liu Yu.  An Overview and Prospects of Grid Friendly Technology in Smart Grid , 2011 .

[59]  Neven Duić,et al.  Increasing renewable energy sources in island energy supply : case study Porto Santo , 2004 .