Design and Implementation of Single-Input Multiple-Output DC-DC Buck Converter for Electric Vehicles

Increasing concerns on environmental pollution, global warming, depletion of the fossil fuel reserves and desire for reducing energy dependencies have led to an ever-increasing interest in electric vehicles (EV). The requirements for electric vehicles has brought many different problems and solutions in electric vehicle technology. One of these is the conversion of the voltage level from the battery in electric vehicles to other required voltage levels with DC-DC converters. As a solution, a separate converter can be used for each voltage level. Nevertheless, single-input multi-output (SIMO) converters can be used to reduce the cost and switching losses and hence improve system efficiency. In our study, we proposed non-isolated buck converter topology with single-input (48 V) and multi-output (12 V and 5 V). The 12 V voltage level is used for the horn, headlights while 5 V voltage level is used for the telemetry and microcontroller in electric vehicles. In this work, the general structure of a SIMO converter, design principles, small signal and stability analysis, and control steps are explained. The overall system has been simulated with Matlab / Simulink.