Herschel observations of embedded protostellar clusters in the Rosette Molecular Cloud

The Herschel OB young stellar objects survey (HOBYS) has observed the Rosette molecular cloud, providing an unprecedented view of its star formation activity. These new far-infrared data reveal a population of compact young stellar objects whose physical properties we aim to characterise. We compiled a sample of protostars and their spectral energy distributions that covers the near-infrared to submillimetre wavelength range. These were used to constrain key properties in the protostellar evolution, bolometric luminosity, and envelope mass and to build an evolutionary diagram. Several clusters are distinguished including the cloud centre, the embedded clusters in the vicinity of luminous infrared sources, and the

[1]  M. Sauvage,et al.  Initial highlights of the HOBYS key program , the Herschel imaging survey of OB young stellar objects Journal Item , 2018 .

[2]  S. Ott,et al.  Herschel Space Observatory - An ESA facility for far-infrared and submillimetre astronomy , 2010, 1005.5331.

[3]  S. J. Liu,et al.  Herschel : the first science highlights Special feature L etter to the E ditor The Herschel-SPIRE instrument and its in-flight performance , 2010 .

[4]  H. Roussel,et al.  In-flight calibration of the Herschel-SPIRE instrument , 2010, 1005.5073.

[5]  M.Griffin,et al.  The Herschel view of star formation in the Rosette molecular cloud under the influence of NGC 2244 , 2010, 1005.3924.

[6]  M. Sauvage,et al.  Small-scale structure in the Rosette molecular cloud revealed by Herschel , 2010, 1005.3784.

[7]  M. Sauvage,et al.  Special Feature the Herschel First Look at Protostars in the Aquila Rift , 2022 .

[8]  O. Boulade,et al.  First 450 μm dust continuum mapping of the massive star-forming region NGC 3576 with the P-ArTéMiS bolometer camera , , 2008, 0809.3968.

[9]  Jonathan P. Williams,et al.  A Spitzer survey of young stellar objects in the Rosette Molecular Cloud , 2008 .

[10]  R. A. Gutermuth,et al.  Spitzer Observations of NGC 1333: A Study of Structure and Evolution in a Nearby Embedded Cluster , 2007, 0710.1860.

[11]  E. Lada,et al.  A FLAMINGOS Deep Near-Infrared Imaging Survey of the Rosette Complex. I. Identification and Distribution of the Embedded Population , 2007, 0709.3004.

[12]  Thomas Henning,et al.  The Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) for the Herschel Space Observatory , 2004, Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation.

[13]  S. Bontemps,et al.  The earliest phases of high-mass star formation: a 3 square degree millimeter continuum mapping of Cygnus X , 2007, 0708.2774.

[14]  Jin Zeng Li,et al.  Discovery of Multiseeded Multimode Formation of Embedded Clusters in the Rosette Molecular Complex , 2005, astro-ph/0504011.

[15]  K. Rice,et al.  Protostars and Planets V , 2005 .

[16]  Jean-Luc Starck,et al.  Astronomical image and data analysis , 2002 .

[17]  E. Lada,et al.  Spatial Distribution of Embedded Clusters in the Rosette Molecular Cloud: Implications for Cluster Formation , 1997 .

[18]  Jonathan P. Williams,et al.  The Density Structure in the Rosette Molecular Cloud: Signposts of Evolution , 1995 .

[19]  P. Andre',et al.  From T Tauri stars to protostars: Circumstellar material and young stellar objects in the rho Ophiuchi cloud , 1994 .