Greedy randomized adaptive search procedure for joint optimization of unicast and anycast traffic in spectrally-spatially flexible optical networks

Abstract The volume of data traffic in backbone networks is increasing at a speed that exceeds the growth rates of capacities offered in currently used wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks. As a short term solution to the potential capacity crunch, the concept of flexible-grid elastic optical networks is nowadays implemented in many backbone networks. However, in a longer term the space division multiplexing (SDM) technology is the most promising solution for satisfying the capacity requirements in future optical networks. The combination of both technologies allows for realization of spectrally-spatially flexible optical networks (SS-FONs). In this paper, we focus on a network scenario in which two different types of traffic flows are carried over an SS-FON, namely, unicast and anycast flows. Unicast flows are used for basic one-to-one communication, while anycast flows — defined as one-to-one-of-many communication — are related to the network traffic generated in data centers and the fact that data centers placed in different network locations can provide the same service or content to network users. For provisioning of lightpaths for both types of traffic, we address the basic optimization problem in SS-FONs, which is routing, space and spectrum allocation (RSSA). The aim of this study is threefold. First, we propose an effective metaheuristic method based on the greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP) to solve the RSSA problem. Second, we compare performance of the proposed GRASP method against reference optimization approaches. Finally, we present and discuss a wide range of experiments focused on analysis of SS-FONs with joint unicast and anycast traffic. The main conclusions are: (i) the proposed GRASP algorithm provides results very close to optimal (only 0.5% optimality gap) for smaller problem instances and significantly outperforms other heuristics for larger problem instances (in average around 6.8% better than the reference simulated annealing algorithm); (ii) the use of anycast connections in SS-FONs allows to improve the network performance in terms of spectrum usage.

[1]  Krzysztof Walkowiak,et al.  Survey of resource allocation schemes and algorithms in spectrally-spatially flexible optical networking , 2018, Opt. Switch. Netw..

[2]  Elio Salvadori,et al.  Comparison of Spectral and Spatial Super-Channel Allocation Schemes for SDM Networks , 2016, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[3]  Eiji Oki,et al.  Fragmentation Problems and Management Approaches in Elastic Optical Networks: A Survey , 2018, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[4]  Georgios Zervas,et al.  Resource Allocation for Space-Division Multiplexing: Optical White Box Versus Optical Black Box Networking , 2015, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[5]  Krzysztof Walkowiak,et al.  Joint anycast and unicast routing for elastic optical networks: Modeling and optimization , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[6]  Peter J. Winzer,et al.  Spatial multiplexing: The next frontier in network capacity scaling , 2013 .

[7]  Krzysztof Walkowiak,et al.  ILP modeling of flexgrid SDM optical networks , 2016, 2016 17th International Telecommunications Network Strategy and Planning Symposium (Networks).

[8]  Dan M. Marom,et al.  Switching solutions for WDM-SDM optical networks , 2015, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[9]  Elio Salvadori,et al.  Improving performance of spatially joint- switched space division multiplexing optical networks via spatial group sharing , 2017, IEEE\/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking.

[10]  Ting Wang,et al.  A naturally-inspired algorithm for Routing, Wavelength assignment, and Spectrum Allocation in flexible grid WDM networks , 2012, 2012 IEEE Globecom Workshops.

[11]  Hideki Tode,et al.  Routing, Spectrum, and core and/or mode assignment on space-division multiplexing optical networks [invited] , 2017, IEEE/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking.

[12]  Dimitra Simeonidou,et al.  Routing, spectrum and core allocation in flexgrid SDM networks with multi-core fibers , 2014, 2014 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling.

[13]  Masahiko Jinno,et al.  Elastic optical networking: a new dawn for the optical layer? , 2012, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[14]  Krzysztof Walkowiak,et al.  Optimization of spectrally and spatially flexible optical networks with spatial mode conversion , 2018, 2018 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM).

[15]  Krzysztof Walkowiak,et al.  Anycasting in connection-oriented computer networks: Models, algorithms and results , 2010, Int. J. Appl. Math. Comput. Sci..

[16]  Nirwan Ansari,et al.  Anycast Planning in Space Division Multiplexing Elastic Optical Networks With Multi-Core Fibers , 2016, IEEE Communications Letters.

[17]  Dimitra Simeonidou,et al.  Survey and Evaluation of Space Division Multiplexing: From Technologies to Optical Networks , 2015, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[18]  Krzysztof Walkowiak,et al.  Distance-adaptive transmission in cloud-ready elastic optical networks , 2014, IEEE/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking.

[19]  Krzysztof Walkowiak,et al.  Routing and Spectrum Assignment in Spectrum Sliced Elastic Optical Path Network , 2011, IEEE Communications Letters.

[20]  Jose A. Lazaro,et al.  Flex-grid/SDM backbone network design with inter-core XT-limited transmission reach , 2016, IEEE/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking.

[21]  Massimo Tornatore,et al.  Optical ring metro networks with flexible Grid and distance-adaptive optical coherent transceivers , 2013, Bell Labs Technical Journal.

[22]  Michal Aibin,et al.  Simulated Annealing algorithm for optimization of elastic optical networks with unicast and anycast traffic , 2014, 2014 16th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON).

[23]  Eiji Oki,et al.  Routing and Spectrum Allocation in Elastic Optical Networks: A Tutorial , 2015, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[24]  Ioannis Tomkos,et al.  Impact of Spatial and Spectral Granularity on the Performance of SDM Networks Based on Spatial Superchannel Switching , 2017, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[25]  Domenico Siracusa,et al.  YAMATO: The First SDN Control Plane for Independent, Joint, and Fractional-Joint Switched SDM Optical Networks , 2017, Journal of Lightwave Technology.