Comparison of the results of full-scale experiment and long term dynamics simulation in the Siberian Interconnected Power System

The dynamic models of power systems become more complex. It requires a correct mathematical description of equipment and controls of power systems in simulation programs. Full-scale experiments can bring a considerable contribution for solving the problem. System-wide tests were made in Siberia on November 19, 2002 in order to determine the adequacy of the primary frequency control in the Siberian Interconnected Power System. The results of these tests became the basis for simulations necessary for research of short-term and long-term dynamics and identification of the equipment parameters. Index Terms Interconnected Power System, Simulation, Frequency Measurement, Fault Recording Introduction Field tests carried out in order to examine the behavior of the large power system are an indispensable attribute of their operation. The tests have to be accompanied by simulation of interesting processes. In this case one can use a special method in order to improve the models of power system equipment used in various simulation tools. The long-term dynamics of power system is one of the most difficult phenomenon for simulation. That circumstance is determined by a variety of power system equipment types and insufficient information regarding their parameters. To compensate this obstacle it is necessary to interface simulation tools that are used for modeling of power system with software that permit to optimize some parameters of models. The paper focuses on simulation of the Siberian Interconnected Power System long terms dynamics with the use of two software packages such as PAG, developed by the Siberian Electric Power Research Institute and EUROSTAG, developed by TRACTEBEL and Electricite de France. Identification and verification of governors’ and turbines’ parameters have been performed with the use of the new program module EUSTAG_O. PAG package’s models of power plants equipment components have been used as reference. 1 http://www.sibniie.ru 2 http://www.tractebel.com 3 http://www.edf.fr Organisation of the experiment The Siberian Interconnected Power System’s full-scale experiment has been discussed in [1-3]. This power system is located both in the eastern, central, and western Siberia and has a length more than three thousands kilometres on latitude direction. The boundary between Western and Eastern Siberia passes alongside of Krasnoyarsk Hydro Power Plant. The voltage levels of transmission lines are 500 and 220 kV. The total lengths of the 500 kV and 220 kV transmission lines are 8 864 km and 25 611 km, correspondingly. Installed generation of the Siberian Interconnected Power System is 46 000 MW. During the experiment, consumptions at the Western and Eastern parts of the bulk power system were 10 000 MW and 12 500 MW, correspondingly. The greatest hydro power plants are Bratsk (4 500 MW: 16×225 MW, 2×250 MW), Ust-Ilimsk (4 320 MW: 18×240 MW), Sayano-Shushenskaya (6 500 MW: 10×650 MW), Krasnoyarskaya (6 000 MW: 12x500 MW). The greatest thermal power plants are Berezovskaya (1 600 MW: 2×800 MW), Nazarovskaya (1 400 MW), Gusinoozerskaya (1 200 MW). Before the experiment, the power system was separated from the Russian Power Grid. Fig. 1, taken from [1-3], illustrates the power grid during the experiment. The tests consisted in making series of experiments with incremental active power imbalances, and recording active power and frequency. The 110 kV and 220 kV transmission lines shunting a two-circuit 500 kV transmission line at the Krasnoyarsk Hydro Power Plant were disconnected. One of two 500 kV section circuit breakers at this power plant's busbar was opened. Thus, the eastern and western parts of the Siberian Interconnected Power System became connected only by one 500 kV circuit breaker. The circuit breaker was switched off in order to divide the power system into two areas. Imbalances of active power caused a system frequency increasing or decreasing in each part. Besides recording active power and frequency by power plants` equipment measurement instrumentation, two digital fault recorders (DFR) produced by LEM were exploited. They were deployed at two locations remote from the power transient site by hundreds of kilometres away: Gusinoozersk steam power plant and Chita heat power plant. 4 http://www.lem.com 492 Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control VI, August 22-27, 2004, Cortina d’Ampezzo, Italy