Low aerobic fitness in Brazilian adolescents

INTRODUCCION: la capacidad aerobica es considerada uno de los mas importantes componentes de la condicion fisica relacionada con la salud, debido a que sus bajos niveles se asocian con un mayor riesgo de muerte prematura por todas las causas, especialmente la enfermedad cardiovascular.OBJETIVO: identificar las caracteristicas de los adolescentes con mayor riesgo de bajos niveles de capacidad aerobica.METODOS: el estudio incluyo a 696 adolescentes 15-17 anos matriculados en la educacion secundaria en escuelas publicas en Florianopolis, en el sur de Brasil. Este estudio epidemiologico transversal se realizo en Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. La condicion fisica aerobica se midio con el Modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test mCAFT. Fueron recogidas las variables sociodemograficas genero, edad, serie de la educacion escolar, escolaridad del padre y de la madre, nivel socioeconomico, antropometricas peso, altura, pliegue tricipital y subescapular, la maduracion sexual, actividad fisica, el comportamiento sedentario y los habitos alimentarios.RESULTADOS: se observo que el 31,5% de los adolescentes tenia bajos niveles de condicion fisica aerobica, siendo mayor en los varones 49,2% en comparacion con las mujeres 20,6%. Ademas, las mujeres jovenes con comportamiento sedentario, sobrepeso y grasa corporal alto fueron los grupos mas propensos a ser insuficiente en la resistencia aerobica. En los hombres, los grupos mas propensos a ser insuficiente en la capacidad aerobica fueron aquellos cuyos padres tenian mas de ocho anos de estudio, los que tenian poca actividad fisica y los que tenian alimentacion inadecuada y exceso de grasa corporal.CONCLUSION: los bajos niveles de capacidad aerobica estaban presentes un tercio de los adolescentes, siendo mas frecuente en los varones. Los cambios en el estilo de vida, con la sustitucion de los habitos sedentarios por la practica de actividades fisicas y deportivas pueden ayudar a mejorar la capacidad aerobica de los adolescentes brasilenos.

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