A novel extracellular synthesis of monodisperse gold nanoparticles using marine alga, Sargassum wightii Greville.

The process of development of reliable and eco-friendly metallic nanoparticles is an important step in the field of nanotechnology. To achieve this use of natural sources like biological systems becomes essential. In the present, work we have investigated extracellular biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using Sargassum wightii and have achieved rapid formation of gold nanoparticles in a short duration. The UV-vis spectrum of the aqueous medium containing gold ion showed peak at 527 nm corresponding to the plasmon absorbance of gold nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed formation of well-dispersed gold nanoparticles in the range of 8-12 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum of the gold nanoparticles exhibited Bragg reflections corresponding to gold nanoparticles.

[1]  D. A. Russell,et al.  Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis of the extracellular cadmium sulfide crystallites of Klebsiella aerogenes , 1995, Archives of Microbiology.

[2]  Michael Vollmer,et al.  Optical properties of metal clusters , 1995 .

[3]  I. Willner,et al.  Nanoparticles as structural and functional units in surface-confined architectures. , 2001, Chemical communications.

[4]  R. Kumar,et al.  Extracellular Biosynthesis of Monodisperse Gold Nanoparticles by a Novel Extremophilic Actinomycete, Thermomonospora sp. , 2003 .

[5]  R. Mehra,et al.  Metal ion resistance in fungi: Molecular mechanisms and their regulated expression , 1991, Journal of cellular biochemistry.

[6]  Jose R. Peralta-Videa,et al.  Formation and Growth of Au Nanoparticles inside Live Alfalfa Plants , 2002 .

[7]  I. R. Harris,et al.  Bioreduction and biocrystallization of palladium by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans NCIMB 8307 , 2002, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[8]  Satyajyoti Senapati,et al.  Enzyme mediated extracellular synthesis of CdS nanoparticles by the fungus, Fusarium oxysporum. , 2002, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[9]  Sudhakar R. Sainkar,et al.  BIOREDUCTION OF AUCL4− IONS BY THE FUNGUS, VERTICILLIUM SP. AND SURFACE TRAPPING OF THE GOLD NANOPARTICLES FORMED , 2001 .

[10]  C. Granqvist,et al.  Bacteria as workers in the living factory: metal-accumulating bacteria and their potential for materials science. , 2001, Trends in biotechnology.

[11]  V. Zaporojtchenko,et al.  Tunable multiple plasmon resonance wavelengths response from multicomponent polymer-metal nanocomposite systems , 2004 .

[12]  F W Oehme,et al.  Microbial resistance to metals in the environment. , 2000, Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.

[13]  Kumar,et al.  Extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the fungus Fusarium oxysporum , 2003 .

[14]  J. Peralta-Videa,et al.  Alfalfa sprouts: A natural source for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles , 2003 .

[15]  Robert C. Cammarata,et al.  Nanomaterials : synthesis, properties, and applications , 1996 .

[16]  Robert Langer,et al.  Controlled Structure and Properties of Thermoresponsive Nanoparticle–Hydrogel Composites , 2004 .

[17]  Absar Ahmad,et al.  Rapid synthesis of Au, Ag, and bimetallic Au core-Ag shell nanoparticles using Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf broth. , 2004, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[18]  S. Macnaughton,et al.  Developments in terrestrial bacterial remediation of metals. , 1999, Current opinion in biotechnology.

[19]  R. Kumar,et al.  Extracellular Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles by the Fungus Fusarium oxysporum , 2002, Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology.

[20]  T. Pradeep,et al.  Coalescence of Nanoclusters and Formation of Submicron Crystallites Assisted by Lactobacillus Strains , 2002 .

[21]  T. A. Davis,et al.  A review of the biochemistry of heavy metal biosorption by brown algae. , 2003, Water research.

[22]  Steven R. Emory,et al.  Probing Single Molecules and Single Nanoparticles by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering , 1997, Science.

[23]  Shiv Shankar,et al.  Bioreduction of chloroaurate ions by geranium leaves and its endophytic fungus yields gold nanoparticles of different shapes , 2003 .

[24]  R. P. Nachane,et al.  Biomimetics of silver nanoparticles by white rot fungus, Phaenerochaete chrysosporium. , 2006, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.

[25]  Absar Ahmad,et al.  Geranium Leaf Assisted Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles , 2003, Biotechnology progress.

[26]  R. Puddephatt.  The chemistry of gold , 1978 .

[27]  Priyabrata Mukherjee,et al.  The use of microorganisms for the formation of metal nanoparticles and their application , 2005, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.