Diurnal Cycle Model of Lake Ice Surface Albedo: A Case Study of Wuliangsuhai Lake

Ice surface albedo is an important factor in various optical remote sensing technologies used to determine the distribution of snow or melt water on the ice, and to judge the formation or melting of lake ice in winter, especially in cold and arid areas. In this study, field measurements were conducted at Wuliangsuhai Lake, a typical lake in the semi-arid cold area of China, to investigate the diurnal variation of the ice surface albedo. Observations showed that the diurnal variations of the ice surface albedo exhibit bimodal characteristics with peaks occurring after sunrise and before sunset. The curve of ice surface albedo with time is affected by weather conditions. The first peak occurs later on cloudy days compared with sunny days, whereas the second peak appears earlier on cloudy days. Four probability density distribution functions—Laplace, Gauss, Gumbel, and Cauchy—were combined linearly to model the daily variation of the lake ice albedo on a sunny day. The simulations of diurnal variation in the albedo during the period from sunrise to sunset with a solar altitude angle higher than 5° indicate that the Laplace combination is the optimal statistical model. The Laplace combination can not only describe the bimodal characteristic of the diurnal albedo cycle when the solar altitude angle is higher than 5°, but also reflect the U-shaped distribution of the diurnal albedo as the solar altitude angle exceeds 15°. The scale of the model is about half the length of the day, and the position of the two peaks is closely related to the moment of sunrise, which reflects the asymmetry of the two peaks of the ice surface albedo. This study provides a basis for the development of parameterization schemes of diurnal variation of lake ice albedo in semi-arid cold regions.

[1]  Deposition of brown carbon onto snow: changes in snow optical and radiative properties , 2020 .

[2]  M. Hanel,et al.  An Index-Flood Statistical Model for Hydrological Drought Assessment , 2020, Water.

[3]  Shi-chang Kang,et al.  Research progress of light-absorbing impurities in glaciers of the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings , 2017 .

[4]  Xiaohong Shi,et al.  Under‐ice metabolism in a shallow lake in a cold and arid climate , 2019, Freshwater Biology.

[5]  Patrick Minnis,et al.  Asymmetry in the diurnal variation of surface albedo , 1997, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..

[6]  Juho Jakkila,et al.  Radiation transfer and heat budget during the ice season in Lake Pääjärvi, Finland , 2009, Aquatic Ecology.

[7]  Charles S. Zender,et al.  Arctic and Antarctic diurnal and seasonal variations of snow albedo from multiyear Baseline Surface Radiation Network measurements , 2011 .

[8]  W. Arnott,et al.  Single scattering albedo of fine mineral dust aerosols controlled by iron concentration , 2009 .

[9]  Zhijun Li,et al.  In situ measurement of the solar radiance distribution within sea ice in Liaodong Bay, China , 2012 .

[10]  George D. Ashton,et al.  Ripples on Underside of River Ice Covers , 1972 .

[11]  Roberta Pirazzini,et al.  Challenges in Snow and Ice Albedo Parameterizations , 2009 .

[12]  Facundo N. Bajano,et al.  Measurements and modeling of snow albedo at Alerce Glacier, Argentina: effects of volcanic ash, snow grain size, and cloudiness , 2020, The Cryosphere.

[13]  Mo Wang,et al.  Light-absorbing particles in snow and ice: Measurement and modeling of climatic and hydrological impact , 2014, Advances in Atmospheric Sciences.

[14]  S. J. Bolsenga.  Total albedo of Great Lakes ice , 1969 .

[15]  Xiaohong Shi,et al.  First-Principles Study on the Migration of Heavy Metal Ions in Ice-Water Medium from Ulansuhai Lake , 2018, Water.

[16]  Bin Cheng,et al.  Surface albedo measurements over sea ice in the Baltic Sea during the spring snowmelt period , 2006, Annals of Glaciology.

[17]  Y. Jia,et al.  Spatial and Temporal Variations in Waterbird Communities and its Implications for Ecosystem Management in a Large Temperate Arid Wetland of Northwest P.R. China , 2017 .

[18]  M. Lapuerta,et al.  Snow Surface Albedo Sensitivity to Black Carbon: Radiative Transfer Modelling , 2020, Atmosphere.

[19]  C. Duguay,et al.  Ice‐cover variability on shallow lakes at high latitudes: model simulations and observations , 2003 .

[20]  T. Painter,et al.  Dust dominates high-altitude snow darkening and melt over high-mountain Asia , 2020, Nature Climate Change.

[21]  S. J. Bolsenga,et al.  Techniques To Measure The Spectral Reflectance Of Ice , 1984, Other Conferences.

[22]  Sun Jun,et al.  Albedo Characteristics in Different Underlying Surfaces in Mid-and Upper-Reaches of HEIFE and Its Impact Factor Analysis , 2011 .

[23]  I. Zverev,et al.  Some features of the thermal and dissolved oxygen structure in boreal, shallow ice-covered Lake Vendyurskoe, Russia , 2009, Aquatic Ecology.

[24]  G. Diolaiuti,et al.  Estimating ice albedo from fine debris cover quantified by a semi-automatic method: the case study of Forni Glacier, Italian Alps , 2016 .

[25]  T. Yao,et al.  Study on land-surface albedo over different types of underlying surfaces in North China , 2014 .

[26]  Yaoming Ma,et al.  An Investigation of Ice Surface Albedo and Its Influence on the High-Altitude Lakes of the Tibetan Plateau , 2018, Remote. Sens..

[27]  Li Changyou,et al.  Notable increases in nutrient concentrations in a shallow lake during seasonal ice growth. , 2016, Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research.

[28]  D. Farmer,et al.  Radiatively driven convection in ice-covered lakes: Observations, scaling, and a mixed layer model , 2002 .

[29]  Samuel B. Fey,et al.  The under‐ice microbiome of seasonally frozen lakes , 2013 .

[30]  J. Stamnes,et al.  UV measurements in the 3000–5000 m altitude region in Tibet , 2007 .

[31]  Carla Tricarico,et al.  Probabilistic Models for the Peak Residential Water Demand , 2017 .

[32]  Bin Cheng,et al.  Numerical modelling of snow and ice thicknesses in Lake Vanajavesi, Finland , 2012 .

[33]  T. Kjeldsen,et al.  Probability Distributions for a Quantile Mapping Technique for a Bias Correction of Precipitation Data: A Case Study to Precipitation Data Under Climate Change , 2019, Water.

[34]  Guo-yu Li,et al.  Mass and Heat Balance of a Lake Ice Cover in the Central Asian Arid Climate Zone , 2020, Water.

[35]  A. Terzhevik,et al.  Albedo of a Small Ice-Covered Boreal Lake: Daily, Meso-Scale and Interannual Variability on the Background of Regional Climate , 2018, Geosciences.

[36]  Manyin Zhang,et al.  Winter Decomposition of Emergent Macrophytes Affects Water Quality under Ice in a Temperate Shallow Lake , 2020, Water.

[37]  Claude R. Duguay,et al.  Ice Freeze-up and Break-up Detection of Shallow Lakes in Northern Alaska with Spaceborne SAR , 2015, Remote. Sens..

[38]  Xiaohong Shi,et al.  A modified QWASI model for fate and transport modeling of mercury between the water-ice-sediment in Lake Ulansuhai. , 2017, Chemosphere.

[39]  L. Brown,et al.  The Influence of Snow and Ice Albedo towards Improved Lake Ice Simulations , 2021, Hydrology.

[40]  V. Uddameri,et al.  Climatic Influences on Agricultural Drought Risks Using Semiparametric Kernel Density Estimation , 2020, Water.