COMPUTATION OF SAR AND TEMPERATURE VALUES IN THE HUMAN HEAD DUE TO 2G, 3G, 4G MOBILE WIRELESS SYSTEMS

In this study, to examine the impact of distance, angle and frequency on the human head during the regular functioning of a mobile phone, a head model is constructed via COMSOL software dataset. The handset antenna has been configured with a patch antenna being a radiation source at 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and 2100MHz, respectively. Temperature increase and specific absorption rate distribution on the user’s head with various angles and distances are simulated by using finite element method. Moreover, the simulations are also repeated during the voice and video calls with varying distances. It is observed that the values that are obtained in the simulations are in good agreement with the basic limitations set up by IEEE and ICNIRP, designating that the safety restrictions will not be dared by the usage of user.

[1]  S. Selim Seker,et al.  FEM modeling of SAR distribution and temperature increase in human brain from RF exposure , 2012, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[2]  M. H. Mat,et al.  Preliminary study of electromagnetic energy absorption in the head due to the exposure of radio frequency at 900MHz , 2012, 2012 IEEE Symposium on Computers & Informatics (ISCI).

[3]  Ieee Standards Board IEEE standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, 3kHz to 300 GHz , 1992 .

[4]  Salah I. Al-Mously,et al.  Computation of the temperature-rise in the human head due to different mobile phone models , 2010, 2010 10th Mediterranean Microwave Symposium.

[5]  Mook-Seng Leong,et al.  Specific Absorption Rates in Human Head Due To Handset Antennas: a Comparative Study Using FDTD Method , 2000 .

[6]  Arthur W. Guy,et al.  Specific Absorption Rates of Energy in Man Models Exposed to Cellular UHF Mobile-Antenna Fields , 1986 .

[7]  Joe Wiart,et al.  The relationship between specific absorption rate and temperature elevation in anatomically based human body models for plane wave exposure from 30 MHz to 6 GHz , 2013, Physics in medicine and biology.

[8]  Kenneth R Foster,et al.  Electromagnetic fields and public health: mobile telephones and their base stations , 2000 .

[9]  A. Hirata,et al.  Temperature increase in the human head due to a dipole antenna at microwave frequencies , 2003 .

[10]  Nikolaos V. Kantartzis,et al.  A comparative study of the biological effects of various mobile phone and wireless LAN antennas , 2002 .

[11]  A. Hirata,et al.  Correlation of maximum temperature increase and peak SAR in the human head due to handset antennas , 2003 .

[12]  O. Gandhi,et al.  Temperature rise for the human head for cellular telephones and for peak SARs prescribed in safety guidelines , 2001, 2001 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Sympsoium Digest (Cat. No.01CH37157).

[13]  A Spheroidal Vector Wave Function Analysis of Field and SAR Distributions in a Dielectric Prolate Spheroidal Human Head Model , 1999 .

[14]  A. Guyton,et al.  Textbook of Medical Physiology , 1961 .

[15]  D. Krstić,et al.  Electric field distribution and SAR in human head from mobile phones , 2015, 2015 9th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE).

[16]  J. Yook,et al.  Thermal steady state in human head under continuous EM exposure , 2005, IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, 2005..