A new design of cell phone body for the SAR reduction in the human head

In this paper, a new design of cell phone body is presented to reduce the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the human head. The SAR in the human head and total absorbed power by the cell phone user are calculated along with antenna performances in terms of radiation efficiency and directivity to validate the effects of cell phone body. It is found that the SAR in the head is reduced significantly for both the lower and upper global systems for mobile (GSM) frequency band. The new mobile body provides 63.8% reduction in the SAR at 900 MHz and 69.2% reduction at 1800 MHz in comparison of without mobile cover configuration. Moreover, the mobile casing improves the radiation efficiency 6% and 7% in the lower and the upper GSM frequency band respectively.

[1]  Sai-Wing Leung,et al.  Effects of using conductive materials for SAR reduction in mobile phones , 2005 .

[2]  N. Misran,et al.  Effects of Mobile Phone Radiation onto Human Head with Variation of Holding Cheek and Tilt Positions , 2014 .

[3]  P. Vainikainen,et al.  Bandwidth, SAR, and efficiency of internal mobile phone antennas , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility.

[4]  P. McEvoy,et al.  Low SAR Ferrite Handset Antenna Design , 2006, IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006..

[5]  Hsing-Yi Chen,et al.  Material studies on cellular phones for reducing SAR in a human head model , 2002, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.02CH37313).

[6]  E. Ofli,et al.  Effects of Hand Phantom on Mobile Phone Antenna Performance , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[7]  Mohammad Tariqul Islam,et al.  A New Design of Metamaterials for SAR Reduction , 2013 .

[8]  Mohammad Tariqul Islam,et al.  Design analysis of ferrite sheet attachment for sar reduction in human head , 2009 .

[9]  J. Pretorius,et al.  Design and manufacture of a ferrimagnetic wave absorber for cellular phone radiations , 2004, 12th International Symposium on Electron Devices for Microwave and Optoelectronic Applications, 2004. EDMO 2004..

[10]  Jong Hwa Kwon,et al.  Comparison of the SAR in the human head using the EBG structures applied to a mobile handset , 2007, 2007 European Microwave Conference.

[11]  Mohammad Tariqul Islam,et al.  A New Wide-Band Double-Negative Metamaterial for C- and S-Band Applications , 2014, Materials.

[12]  Akimasa Hirata,et al.  SAR AND RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF A DIPOLE ANTENNA ABOVE DIFFERENTFINITE EBG SUBSTRATESIN THE PRESENCE OF A REALISTICHEAD MODEL IN THE 3.5 GHZ BAND , 2012 .

[13]  A. Ahlbom.  Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz) , 1998 .

[14]  A. Hirata,et al.  Effective Resistance of Grounded Humans for Whole-Body Averaged SAR Estimation at Resonance Frequencies , 2011 .

[15]  Jiunn-Nan Hwang,et al.  Reduction of the Peak SAR in the Human Head With Metamaterials , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[16]  Mohammad Tariqul Islam,et al.  Application of Auxiliary Antenna Elements for SAR Reduction in the Human Head , 2014 .