Semiconductor quantum rods as single molecule fluorescent biological labels.

In this paper, we report the development of rod-shaped semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum rods) as fluorescent biological labels. Water-soluble biocompatible quantum rods have been prepared by surface silanization and applied for nonspecific cell tracking as well as specific cellular targeting. Quantum rods are brighter single molecule probes as compared to quantum dots. They have many potential applications as biological labels in situations where their properties offer advantages over quantum dots.

[1]  S. Gambhir,et al.  Quantum Dots for Live Cells, in Vivo Imaging, and Diagnostics , 2005, Science.

[2]  A Paul Alivisatos,et al.  Cellular effect of high doses of silica-coated quantum dot profiled with high throughput gene expression analysis and high content cellomics measurements. , 2006, Nano letters.

[3]  A. Malko,et al.  Light amplification in semiconductor nanocrystals: Quantum rods versus quantum dots , 2003 .

[4]  S. Weiss,et al.  Rotational and translational diffusion of peptide-coated CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanorods studied by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[5]  J. L. Turner,et al.  Synthesis of Gadolinium‐Labeled Shell‐Crosslinked Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications , 2005 .

[6]  Uri Banin,et al.  Electric field induced switching of the fluorescence of single semiconductor quantum rods. , 2005, Nano letters.

[7]  A Paul Alivisatos,et al.  Semiconductor nanocrystals for biological imaging , 2005, Current Opinion in Neurobiology.

[8]  M. Nirmal,et al.  Fluorescence intermittency in single cadmium selenide nanocrystals , 1996, Nature.

[9]  Weidong Yang,et al.  Linearly Polarized Emission from Colloidal Semiconductor Quantum Rods , 2001, Science.

[10]  S. Nie,et al.  In vivo cancer targeting and imaging with semiconductor quantum dots , 2004, Nature Biotechnology.

[11]  S. Nie,et al.  Quantum dot bioconjugates for ultrasensitive nonisotopic detection. , 1998, Science.

[12]  M. Morris,et al.  A peptide carrier for the delivery of biologically active proteins into mammalian cells , 2001, Nature Biotechnology.

[13]  M. Bruchez,et al.  Immunofluorescent labeling of cancer marker Her2 and other cellular targets with semiconductor quantum dots , 2003, Nature Biotechnology.

[14]  Vincent Noireaux,et al.  In Vivo Imaging of Quantum Dots Encapsulated in Phospholipid Micelles , 2002, Science.

[15]  C. Larabell,et al.  Quantum dots as cellular probes. , 2005, Annual review of biomedical engineering.

[16]  C. Mirkin,et al.  Nanoparticle-Based Bio-Bar Codes for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Proteins , 2003, Science.

[17]  T. Mihaljevic,et al.  Near-infrared fluorescent type II quantum dots for sentinel lymph node mapping , 2004, Nature Biotechnology.

[18]  D. Spiller,et al.  Enhanced Antisense Effects Resulting from an Improved Streptolysin-O Protocol for Oligodeoxynucleotide Delivery into Human Leukaemia Cells , 1997 .

[19]  D. Balding,et al.  HLA Sequence Polymorphism and the Origin of Humans , 2006 .

[20]  Carsten Sönnichsen,et al.  A molecular ruler based on plasmon coupling of single gold and silver nanoparticles , 2005, Nature Biotechnology.

[21]  Weidong Yang,et al.  Shape control of CdSe nanocrystals , 2000, Nature.

[22]  J. Post,et al.  Quantum dot ligands provide new insights into erbB/HER receptor–mediated signal transduction , 2004, Nature Biotechnology.

[23]  Liberato Manna,et al.  Controlled growth of tetrapod-branched inorganic nanocrystals , 2003, Nature materials.

[24]  A. Shabaev,et al.  1D Exciton Spectroscopy of Semiconductor Nanorods , 2004 .

[25]  Shimon Weiss,et al.  Synthesis and Properties of Biocompatible Water-Soluble Silica-Coated CdSe/ZnS Semiconductor Quantum Dots† , 2001 .

[26]  Philippe Rostaing,et al.  Diffusion Dynamics of Glycine Receptors Revealed by Single-Quantum Dot Tracking , 2003, Science.

[27]  Wolfgang J. Parak,et al.  Quantum Dot-Based Cell Motility Assay , 2005, Science's STKE.

[28]  Christine M. Micheel,et al.  Cell Motility and Metastatic Potential Studies Based on Quantum Dot Imaging of Phagokinetic Tracks , 2002 .

[29]  Uri Banin,et al.  Fluorescence quantum yield of CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals investigated by correlated atomic-force and single-particle fluorescence microscopy , 2002 .

[30]  A. P. Alivisatos,et al.  Epitaxial growth and photochemical annealing of graded CdS/ZnS shells on colloidal CdSe nanorods. , 2002, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[31]  Vladimir P Torchilin,et al.  Quantum dots spectrally distinguish multiple species within the tumor milieu in vivo , 2005, Nature Medicine.

[32]  Masasuke Yoshida,et al.  Mechanically driven ATP synthesis by F1-ATPase , 2004, Nature.

[33]  Igor L. Medintz,et al.  Quantum dot bioconjugates for imaging, labelling and sensing , 2005, Nature materials.

[34]  A. P. Alivisatos,et al.  Band Gap Variation of Size- and Shape-Controlled Colloidal CdSe Quantum Rods , 2001 .