Synthesis of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polyborosiloxane Nanocomposites with Mechanically Adaptive and Self-Healing Capabilities for Flexible Conductors.

Intrinsic self-healing polyborosiloxane (PBS) and its multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-reinforced nanocomposites were synthesized from hydroxyl terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and boric acid at room temperature. The formation of Si-O-B moiety in PBS was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. PBS and its MWCNT-reinforced nanocomposites were found possessing water- or methanol-activated mechanically adaptive behaviors; the compressive modulus decreased substantially when exposed to water or methanol vapor and recovered their high value after the stimulus was removed. The compressive modulus was reduced by 76%, 86%, 90%, and 83% for neat PBS and its nanocomposites containing 3.0, 6.2, and 13.3 wt % MWCNTs, respectively, in water vapor, and the modulus reduction activated by methanol vapor was greater than by water vapor. MWCNTs at higher contents acted as a continuous electrical channel in PBS offering electrical conductivity, which was up to 1.21 S/cm for the nanocomposite containing 13.3 wt % MWCNTs. The MWCNT-reinforced PBS nanocomposites also showed excellent mechanically and electrically self-healing properties, moldability, and adhesion to PDMS elastomer substrate. These properties enabled a straightforward fabrication of self-repairing MWCNT/PBS electronic circuits on PDMS elastomer substrates.

[1]  Aaron M. Kushner,et al.  Self-healing supramolecular block copolymers. , 2012, Angewandte Chemie.

[2]  Aaron M Kushner,et al.  Multiphase design of autonomic self-healing thermoplastic elastomers. , 2012, Nature chemistry.

[3]  Eduardo Saiz,et al.  Self‐Healing Graphene‐Based Composites with Sensing Capabilities , 2015, Advanced materials.

[4]  Zhenan Bao,et al.  Polypyrrole/Agarose-based electronically conductive and reversibly restorable hydrogel. , 2014, ACS nano.

[5]  P. Cordier,et al.  Self-healing and thermoreversible rubber from supramolecular assembly , 2008, Nature.

[6]  G. Guan,et al.  Self-healable electrically conducting wires for wearable microelectronics. , 2014, Angewandte Chemie.

[7]  L. Sartore,et al.  Autonomic self-healing in epoxidized natural rubber. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[8]  M. J. Griffin,et al.  Nanocomposite carbon-PDMS membranes for gas separation , 2012 .

[9]  A. Juhász,et al.  Impact studies on the mechanical properties of polyborosiloxane , 1984 .

[10]  F. D. Prez,et al.  Fifteen chemistries for autonomous external self-healing polymers and composites , 2015 .

[11]  Jian Zhang,et al.  Conductive elastomers with autonomic self-healing properties. , 2015, Angewandte Chemie.

[12]  Stephen J. Picken,et al.  Polyborosiloxanes (PBSs), Synthetic Kinetics, and Characterization , 2014 .

[13]  Rodney D. Priestley,et al.  Model polymer nanocomposites provide an understanding of confinement effects in real nanocomposites. , 2007, Nature materials.

[14]  Jack E. Houston,et al.  Temperature dependent relaxation of a “solid–liquid” , 2009 .

[15]  Kyle A. Williams,et al.  Towards electrically conductive, self-healing materials , 2007, Journal of The Royal Society Interface.

[16]  Scott R White,et al.  Biomimetic Self-Healing. , 2015, Angewandte Chemie.

[17]  S. Zhang,et al.  An efficient multiple healing conductive composite via host-guest inclusion. , 2015, Chemical communications.

[18]  Yonglin He,et al.  A Self‐Healing Electronic Sensor Based on Thermal‐Sensitive Fluids , 2015, Advanced materials.

[19]  Ye Shi,et al.  A Conductive Self-Healing Hybrid Gel Enabled by Metal-Ligand Supramolecule and Nanostructured Conductive Polymer. , 2015, Nano letters.

[20]  Yang Li,et al.  Bioinspired self-healing superhydrophobic coatings. , 2010, Angewandte Chemie.

[21]  Zhiqun Lin,et al.  Chemical imaging in a surface forces apparatus: confocal raman spectroscopy of confined poly(dimethylsiloxane). , 2005, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[22]  Zifeng Wang,et al.  A self-healable and highly stretchable supercapacitor based on a dual crosslinked polyelectrolyte , 2015, Nature Communications.

[23]  Bowen Zhu,et al.  A Mechanically and Electrically Self‐Healing Supercapacitor , 2014, Advanced materials.

[24]  Martha E. Grady,et al.  Autonomic Restoration of Electrical Conductivity , 2012, Advanced materials.

[25]  E. J. Foster,et al.  Healable supramolecular polymer solids , 2015 .

[26]  Biqiong Chen,et al.  A mechanically and electrically self-healing graphite composite dough for stencil-printable stretchable conductors , 2016 .

[27]  Sindy K. Y. Tang,et al.  Bioinspired self-repairing slippery surfaces with pressure-stable omniphobicity , 2011, Nature.

[28]  John Aurie Dean,et al.  Lange's Handbook of Chemistry , 1978 .

[29]  Byeong Wan An,et al.  Stretchable and transparent electrodes based on in-plane structures. , 2015, Nanoscale.

[30]  Yingkui Yang,et al.  Conductive nanocomposite hydrogels with self-healing property , 2014 .

[31]  정운룡.  Conducting Polymer Dough for Deformable Electronics , 2015 .

[32]  Xiaowei Pei,et al.  Bioinspired Self-Healing Organic Materials: Chemical Mechanisms and Fabrications , 2015 .

[33]  Jang‐Ung Park,et al.  High-performance, transparent, and stretchable electrodes using graphene-metal nanowire hybrid structures. , 2013, Nano letters.

[34]  Jan Genzer,et al.  Elastomeric microparticles for acoustic mediated bioseparations , 2013, Journal of Nanobiotechnology.

[35]  Zhenan Bao,et al.  Self-healing chemistry enables the stable operation of silicon microparticle anodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries. , 2013, Nature chemistry.

[36]  N. Kozlova,et al.  Investigation of the synthesis and hydrolytic degradation of polyborodimethylsiloxanes , 1981 .

[37]  Timothy O'Connor,et al.  Toward organic electronics with properties inspired by biological tissue. , 2015, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[38]  J. F. Young,et al.  Humidity control in the laboratory using salt solutions—a review , 2007 .

[39]  Yang Li,et al.  Polyelectrolyte Multilayers Impart Healability to Highly Electrically Conductive Films , 2012, Advanced materials.

[40]  Michael D. Dickey,et al.  Self‐Healing Stretchable Wires for Reconfigurable Circuit Wiring and 3D Microfluidics , 2013, Advanced materials.

[41]  B. Blaiszik,et al.  A Self‐healing Conductive Ink , 2012, Advanced materials.

[42]  Yong Zhang,et al.  A High‐Capacitance Salt‐Free Dielectric for Self‐Healable, Printable, and Flexible Organic Field Effect Transistors and Chemical Sensor , 2015, Advanced functional materials.

[43]  Nancy R. Sottos,et al.  A Self‐Healing Poly(Dimethyl Siloxane) Elastomer , 2007 .

[44]  Olivia R. Cromwell,et al.  Self-healing multiphase polymers via dynamic metal-ligand interactions. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[45]  Jonathan Seppala,et al.  A healable supramolecular polymer blend based on aromatic pi-pi stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[46]  J. A. Semlyen,et al.  Studies of cyclic and linear poly(dimethylsiloxanes): 19. Glass transition temperatures and crystallization behaviour , 1985 .

[47]  Benjamin C. K. Tee,et al.  An electrically and mechanically self-healing composite with pressure- and flexion-sensitive properties for electronic skin applications. , 2012, Nature nanotechnology.

[48]  C. Zhi,et al.  Magnetic-Assisted, Self-Healable, Yarn-Based Supercapacitor. , 2015, ACS nano.

[49]  Stephanie J. Benight,et al.  Stretchable and self-healing polymers and devices for electronic skin , 2013 .

[50]  Ye Shi,et al.  Designing Hierarchically Nanostructured Conductive Polymer Gels for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion , 2016 .

[51]  S. Rowan,et al.  Using the dynamic bond to access macroscopically responsive structurally dynamic polymers. , 2011, Nature materials.