The Synthesis of Several Lateral Difluoro-substituted 4,4″-Dialkyl- and 4,4″-Alkoxyalkyl-Terphenyls and a Rationalisation of the Effect of Such Substitution on Mesophase Type and Transition Temperatures

In recent years we have prepared a large number of mono-fluoro- and ortho-difluoro-substituted 4,4''-dialkyl- and 4,4''-alkoxyalkyl-terphenyls. The synthesis and transition temperatures of a variety of related difluoro compounds is presented here so that it is now possible to identify(i) broadening of the molecule, (ii) twisting about an inter-annular bond, and (iii) the presence of an inner (2-, 2'-, 3'- or 2'' substituent) or an outer (3- or 3''-substituent) fluorine, as being the major factors which influence the type and the thermal stability of the mesophases obtained

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