A critical review of fouling of reverse osmosis membranes

Abstract Reverse osmosis technology is presently undergoing rapid growth in the area of municipal and industrial wastewater reuse. Control of membrane fouling due to organic compounds and particles in wastewater is a major expense in the design and operation of these facilities. This paper gives a general overview of what is known about the fouling process, and describes technology used to deal with the problem. Current research in the field is reviewed, including some recent developments in modeling and fouling control.

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