A Clinical Review and Critical Evaluation of Imipenem-Relebactam: Evidence to Date

Abstract Imipenem-relebactam (I-R) is a novel beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination given with cilastatin. It is indicated for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, and hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. A literature search was completed to evaluate the evidence to date of I-R. I-R has in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant organisms including carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. It was granted FDA approval following the promising results of two phase II clinical trials in patients with complicated urinary tract infections and complicated intra-abdominal infections. The most common adverse drug events associated with I-R were nausea (6%), diarrhea (6%), and headache (4%). I-R is a new beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination that will be most likely used for patients with multidrug-resistant gram-negative infections in which there are limited or no available alternative treatment options.