From the Virtual to Physical Environments: Exploring Interactivity in Ubiquitous-learning Systems

Computing devices and applications are now used beyond the desktop, in diverse environments, and this trend toward ubiquitous computing is evolving. In this study, we re-visit the interactivity concept and its applications for interactive function design in ubiquitous-learning systems. Further, we compare interactivity dimensions and corresponding interactive functions of Web-based learning systems with ubiquitous-learning systems, and we offer a technical framework for the successful incorporation of interactive functions into ubiquitous-learning systems. To enhance the ease-of-use and the overall effectiveness of this framework, five panels of experts will assess each interactive function terms of instructional necessity, learning needs, and programming difficulty. Results of panel reviews will be reported in a full version of this study.