Micro-antennas for the phase and amplitude modulation of terahertz wave

Based on the localized surface plasmons (LSPs), a series of C-shaped slits antennas are designed to modulate the phase and amplitude of the cross-polarized transmitted wave in THz waveband. By adjusting the structure parameters of the antenna unit, arbitrary phase and amplitude modulation of the cross-polarized THz wave can be obtained. The C-shaped slit antenna units are designed at two operating frequencies f=0.8 THz and f=1.0 THz using a commercial software package (Lumerical Solutions), which is based on the finite-difference time-domain method. According to the simulated results, principles for modulating the phase and amplitude of THz wave are summarized as follows. Firstly, the operating wavelength depends on the effective length of the antenna and the operating wavelength increases as the effective length increases; Secondly, the phase of the cross-polarized wave can be modulated from 0 to 2π by changing the opening angle of the split; Thirdly, the amplitude transmittance of the cross-polarized wave can be changed from the extinction state to the maximum value by rotating the symmetry axis of the C-shaped slit. These principles can be used to direct the design of the field modulator in any other working frequency.

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