Wavelet-based data hiding of DEM in the context of real-time 3D visualization

The use of aerial photographs, satellite images, scanned maps and digital elevation models necessitates the setting up of strategies for the storage and visualization of these data in an interactive way. In order to obtain a three dimensional visualization it is necessary to map the images, called textures, onto the terrain geometry computed with Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Practically, all of these informations are stored in three different files: DEM, texture and geo-localization of the data. In this paper we propose to save all this information in a single file for the purpose of synchronization. For this, we have developed a wavelet-based embedding method for hiding the data in a color image. The texture images containing hidden DEM data can then be sent from the server to a client in order to effect 3D visualization of terrains. The embedding method is integrable with the JPEG2000 coder to accommodate compression and multi-resolution visualization.

[1]  Paul Hansen OpenGL texture-mapping with very large datasets and multi-resolution tiles , 1999, SIGGRAPH '99.

[2]  Peter Meerwald Quantization Watermarking in the JPEG2000 Coding Pipeline , 2001, Communications and Multimedia Security.

[3]  Lisa M. Marvel,et al.  Spread spectrum image steganography , 1999, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[4]  Richa Singh,et al.  Enhancing security of fingerprints through contextual biometric watermarking. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[5]  Deepa Kundur,et al.  Digital watermarking using multiresolution wavelet decomposition , 1998, Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP '98 (Cat. No.98CH36181).

[6]  Yu Liu,et al.  Object watermarks for digital images and video , 2004, Image Vis. Comput..

[7]  David J. DeWitt,et al.  Processing Satellite Images on Tertiary Storage: A Study of the Impact of Tile Size on Performance , 1996 .

[8]  Deepa Kundur Improved Digital Watermarking Through Diversity and Attack Characterization , 1999 .

[9]  Edward J. Delp,et al.  A Review of Data Hiding in Digital Images , 1999, PICS.

[10]  Sushil Jajodia,et al.  Steganalysis: the investigation of hidden information , 1998, 1998 IEEE Information Technology Conference, Information Environment for the Future (Cat. No.98EX228).

[11]  Frank Losasso,et al.  Geometry clipmaps , 2004, ACM Trans. Graph..

[12]  Andreas Uhl,et al.  Survey of wavelet-domain watermarking algorithms , 2001, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[13]  Walter Bender,et al.  Techniques for Data Hiding , 1996, IBM Syst. J..

[14]  Xiang-Gen Xia,et al.  A multiresolution watermark for digital images , 1997, Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing.

[15]  Marc Chaumont,et al.  WAVELET BASED DATA HIDING OF DEM IN THE CONTEXT OF REALTIME 3D VISUALIZATION (Visualisation 3D Temps-Réel à Distance de MNT par Insertion de Données Cachées Basée Ondelettes) , 2006 .

[16]  Wim Sweldens,et al.  Lifting scheme: a new philosophy in biorthogonal wavelet constructions , 1995, Optics + Photonics.

[17]  Der-Chyuan Lou,et al.  A robust watermarking scheme using self-reference image , 2006, Comput. Stand. Interfaces.

[18]  P. Laguna,et al.  Signal Processing , 2002, Yearbook of Medical Informatics.

[19]  Peter Baumann,et al.  Geo/Environmental and Medical Data Management in the RasDaMan System , 1997, VLDB.

[20]  Gio Wiederhold,et al.  WaveMark: digital image watermaking using Daubechies' wavelets and error-correcting coding , 1999, Other Conferences.

[21]  Franco Bartolini,et al.  Self Recovery Authentication Of Images In The Dwt Domain , 2005, Int. J. Image Graph..

[22]  Joan L. Mitchell,et al.  JPEG: Still Image Data Compression Standard , 1992 .

[23]  C. F. Osborne,et al.  A digital watermark , 1994, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Image Processing.

[24]  Turner Whitted,et al.  Designing a PC Game Engine , 1998, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[25]  Leila De Floriani,et al.  Hierarchical triangulation for multiresolution surface description , 1995, TOGS.

[26]  Gustavus J. Simmons,et al.  The Prisoners' Problem and the Subliminal Channel , 1983, CRYPTO.

[27]  James J. Little,et al.  Automatic extraction of Irregular Network digital terrain models , 1979, SIGGRAPH.

[28]  William Puech,et al.  Real-time 3D visualization of DEM combined with a robust DCT based data-hiding method , 2006, Electronic Imaging.

[29]  D. Kundur,et al.  A Robust Digital Image Watermarking Scheme Using the Wavelet-Based Fusion , 1997 .

[30]  I. Daubechies,et al.  Factoring wavelet transforms into lifting steps , 1998 .

[31]  C.-C. Jay Kuo,et al.  An Integrated Approach to Image Watermarking and JPEG-2000 Compression , 2001, J. VLSI Signal Process..

[32]  C. Van Effenterre La cartographie des risques naturels , 1982 .

[33]  S. Mallat A wavelet tour of signal processing , 1998 .

[34]  Deepa Kundur,et al.  A robust digital image watermarking method using wavelet-based fusion , 1997, Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing.