FAULT-TOLERATE QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION OVER A COLLECTIVE-NOISE CHANNEL

We present two quantum key distribution (QKD) schemes over a collective-noise channel. Each logical qubit, composed of two physical qubits with a decoherence-free subspace, is immune to a collective noise and can carry one bit of information in theory. Although the receiver should prepare entangled two-photon quantum systems, he can read out the information encoded by the sender with two unitary operations on two photons, resorting to only two single-photon measurements, not Bell-state measurements, which makes these protocols simpler than others in experiment. These two QKD protocols are deterministic, not random, which makes the classical information exchanged be reduced largely. Also, they have a high intrinsic efficiency.

[1]  R. Laflamme,et al.  Robust polarization-based quantum key distribution over a collective-noise channel. , 2003, Physical review letters.

[2]  Jian-Wei Pan,et al.  Polarization entanglement purification using spatial entanglement. , 2001, Physical review letters.

[3]  Fuguo Deng,et al.  Efficient polarization-entanglement purification based on parametric down-conversion sources with cross-Kerr nonlinearity , 2008, 0805.0032.

[4]  Fuguo Deng,et al.  Nonlocal entanglement concentration scheme for partially entangled multipartite systems with nonlinear optics , 2008, 0806.0115.

[5]  Yu-Bo Sheng,et al.  STABLE AND DETERMINISTIC QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION BASED ON DIFFERENTIAL PHASE SHIFT , 2008, 0801.0259.

[6]  Jian-Wei Pan,et al.  Entanglement purification for quantum communication , 2000, Nature.

[7]  Xiang-bin Wang.  Quantum error-rejection code with spontaneous parametric down-conversion (7 pages) , 2004 .

[8]  Q. Cai.  Eavesdropping on the two-way quantum communication protocols with invisible photons , 2005, quant-ph/0508002.

[9]  Charles H. Bennett,et al.  Communication via one- and two-particle operators on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen states. , 1992, Physical review letters.

[10]  M. Teich,et al.  Decoherence-free subspaces in quantum key distribution. , 2003, Physical review letters.

[11]  G. Long,et al.  Controlled order rearrangement encryption for quantum key distribution , 2003, quant-ph/0308172.

[12]  Hua Lu,et al.  QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION WITH CLASSICAL ALICE , 2008 .

[13]  Charles H. Bennett,et al.  Purification of noisy entanglement and faithful teleportation via noisy channels. , 1995, Physical review letters.

[14]  Chuan Wang,et al.  DOUBLING THE CAPACITY OF QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION BY USING BOTH POLARIZATION AND DIFFERENTIAL PHASE SHIFT , 2009 .

[15]  I. Chuang,et al.  Quantum Computation and Quantum Information: Introduction to the Tenth Anniversary Edition , 2010 .

[16]  Fuguo Deng,et al.  Improving the security of multiparty quantum secret sharing against Trojan horse attack , 2005, quant-ph/0506194.

[17]  N Imoto,et al.  Faithful qubit distribution assisted by one additional qubit against collective noise. , 2005, Physical review letters.

[18]  Fuguo Deng,et al.  Improving the security of secure direct communication based on the secret transmitting order of particles , 2006, quant-ph/0612016.

[19]  Fuguo Deng,et al.  Faithful qubit transmission against collective noise without ancillary qubits , 2007, 0708.0068.

[20]  Ekert,et al.  Quantum cryptography based on Bell's theorem. , 1991, Physical review letters.

[21]  Fuguo Deng,et al.  Reply to ``Comment on `Secure direct communication with a quantum one-time-pad' '' , 2004, quant-ph/0405177.

[22]  Cambridge,et al.  Multi-Particle Entanglement Purification Protocols , 1997, Technical Digest. 1998 EQEC. European Quantum Electronics Conference (Cat. No.98TH8326).

[23]  Xi-Han Li,et al.  Efficient quantum key distribution over a collective noise channel (6 pages) , 2008, 0808.0042.

[24]  Yu-Bo Sheng,et al.  Multipartite entanglement purification with quantum nondemolition detectors , 2008, 0810.0071.

[25]  G. Long,et al.  Theoretically efficient high-capacity quantum-key-distribution scheme , 2000, quant-ph/0012056.

[26]  Fuguo Deng,et al.  Bidirectional quantum key distribution protocol with practical faint laser pulses , 2004 .

[27]  Charles H. Bennett,et al.  Quantum cryptography using any two nonorthogonal states. , 1992, Physical review letters.

[28]  Hoi-Kwong Lo,et al.  Efficient Quantum Key Distribution Scheme and a Proof of Its Unconditional Security , 2004, Journal of Cryptology.

[29]  Marco Lucamarini,et al.  Secure deterministic communication without entanglement. , 2005, Physical review letters.

[30]  Charles H. Bennett,et al.  Quantum cryptography without Bell's theorem. , 1992, Physical review letters.

[31]  Chuan Wang,et al.  Arbitrarily long distance quantum communication using inspection and power insertion , 2009 .

[32]  Gilles Brassard,et al.  Quantum Cryptography , 2005, Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security.

[33]  Yu-Bo Sheng,et al.  Efficient faithful qubit transmission with frequency degree of freedom , 2009, 0907.0053.

[34]  N. J. A. Sloane,et al.  Quantum Error Correction Via Codes Over GF(4) , 1998, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.