An Energy-based Cluster Head Selection Algorithm to Support Long-lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks

The recent advancements in the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are mainly motivated by developing in the micro electromechanical systems technology. One of the major issues in WSNs is to develop an energy efficient routing protocol which has a significant impact on the overall lifetime of sensor networks. In this paper, a novel scheme of an energy-based cluster head selection algorithm (ECHA) to support long-lifetime in WSNs is proposed to improve the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol. In the proposed method, the number of the selection cluster heads (CHs) is optimized based on the effect of the distances from the member nodes to the CH, from the CHs to the base station (BS) and the high energy of each CHs. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms LEACH and LEACH-C by 35% and 5% in saving power consumption for prolonging network lifetime respectively. The impacts of parameters of density of nodes and weighting probability are verified to find out the best cases for ECHA applications.

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