Histological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Autologous Cultured Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Bone Marrow Mononucleated Cells in Collagenase-Induced Tendinitis of Equine Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon

The aim of this study was to compare treatment with cultured bone marrow stromal cells (cBMSCs), bone marrow Mononucleated Cells (BMMNCs), and placebo to repair collagenase-induced tendinitis in horses. In six adult Standardbred horses, 4000 IU of collagenase were injected in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT). Three weeks after collagenase treatment, an average of either 5.5 × 106 cBMSCs or 1.2 × 108 BMMNCs, fibrin glue, and saline solution was injected intralesionally in random order. In cBMSC- and BMMNCS-treated tendons, a high expression of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and type I collagen, but low levels of type III collagen were revealed by immunohistochemistry, with a normal longitudinally oriented fiber pattern. Placebo-treated tendons expressed very low quantities of COMP and type I collagen but large numbers of randomly oriented type III collagen fibers. Both cBMSC and BMMNCS grafts resulted in a qualitatively similar heling improvement of tendon extracellular matrix, in terms of the type I/III collagen ratio, fiber orientation, and COMP expression.

[1]  Rodolfo Quarto,et al.  Cell Therapy for Bone Disease: A Review of Current Status , 2003, Stem cells.

[2]  D. Heinegård,et al.  Ultrastructural immunolocalization of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in relation to collagen fibrils in the equine tendon. , 2005, Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology.

[3]  S. Woo,et al.  Tissue engineering of ligament and tendon healing. , 1999, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[4]  Hung-Fat Tse,et al.  Angiogenesis in ischaemic myocardium by intramyocardial autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell implantation , 2003, The Lancet.

[5]  R. Cancedda,et al.  Microenvironment and stem properties of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal cells , 2001, Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society.

[6]  Seung‐Woo Cho,et al.  Implantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells using injectable fibrin matrix enhances neovascularization in infarcted myocardium. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[7]  Hee Jung Park,et al.  Vascular patches tissue-engineered with autologous bone marrow-derived cells and decellularized tissue matrices. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[8]  W. E. Woods,et al.  Regulatory significance of procaine residues in plasma and urine samples: preliminary communication. , 1996, Equine veterinary journal.

[9]  P. Clegg,et al.  Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in equine musculoskeletal disease: scientific fact or clinical fiction? , 2007, Equine veterinary journal.

[10]  M. Mastrogiacomo,et al.  Proliferation kinetics and differentiation potential of ex vivo expanded human bone marrow stromal cells: Implications for their use in cell therapy. , 2000, Experimental hematology.

[11]  S. May,et al.  Biochemical characterisation of navicular hyaline cartilage, navicular fibrocartilage and the deep digital flexor tendon in horses with navicular disease. , 2003, Research in veterinary science.

[12]  D. Gozal,et al.  Intracoronary administration of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells after induction of short ischemia is safe and may improve hibernation and ischemia in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. , 2005, American heart journal.

[13]  P. Clegg,et al.  Stem cells in veterinary medicine--attempts at regenerating equine tendon after injury. , 2007, Trends in biotechnology.

[14]  A. Goodship,et al.  Isolation and implantation of autologous equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow into the superficial digital flexor tendon as a potential novel treatment. , 2010, Equine veterinary journal.

[15]  P. Simmons,et al.  CD34 expression by stromal precursors in normal human adult bone marrow. , 1991, Blood.

[16]  J. Denoix,et al.  Arthrite septique du boulet : corrélation entre imagerie et examen anatomo-pathologique , 1996 .

[17]  Y. Ikada,et al.  Neovascularization and bone regeneration by implantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[18]  S. Teoh,et al.  Knitted poly-lactide-co-glycolide scaffold loaded with bone marrow stromal cells in repair and regeneration of rabbit Achilles tendon. , 2003, Tissue engineering.

[19]  P. Webbon,et al.  Harnessing the stem cell for the treatment of tendon injuries: heralding a new dawn? , 2005, British Journal of Sports Medicine.

[20]  D L Butler,et al.  Autologous mesenchymal stem cell-mediated repair of tendon. , 1999, Tissue engineering.

[21]  Rodolfo Quarto,et al.  Ex vivo enrichment of mesenchymal cell progenitors by fibroblast growth factor 2. , 2003, Experimental cell research.

[22]  K. Shimada,et al.  Therapeutic angiogenesis for patients with limb ischaemia by autologous transplantation of bone-marrow cells: a pilot study and a randomised controlled trial , 2002, The Lancet.

[23]  G. Rossi,et al.  Histology and immunohistochemistry study of ovine tendon grafted with cBMSCs and BMMNCs after collagenase-induced tendinitis , 2008, Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology.