Review on transportable phase change material in thermal energy storage systems

Thermal energy storage systems provide a means to store energy for use in heating and cooling applications at a later time. The storage of thermal energy allows renewable sources of energy to be stored if the time of demand does not coincide with the time of production. It also enables access to off-peak electricity tariffs offered during times of low electricity demand. Storage systems can be charged during the low-cost tariff period and provide heating or cooling later when required. This benefits consumers with lower electricity costs and power generators with demand levelling. Thermal energy storage systems predominantly store heat as sensible heat in a substance. However, during a phase change heat energy can be stored as latent heat. Phase change material (PCM) thermal storage systems can store a greater amount of thermal energy per unit volume than sensible heat storage systems.

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