Multifunctional ZnO nanostructures: from material growth to novel applications

ZnO is a superior multifunctional material with broad applications in electronics, optoelectronics, and piezoelectric transducers. The nanowire (NW) morphology is an ideal system for studying transport process in one-dimensionally (1D) confined objects and developing new generation nanodevices with high performance. This paper will review we will review the self-catalyzed growth of ZnO nanostructures. An interesting cluster drifting phenomenon was discovered, which evidenced this growth mechanism and provide a control toward the morphology. In addition, a strainversus- dislocation (SVD) model will be discussed to explain the growth of vertically aligned ZnO nanostructures on heterogeneous substrates. Finally, a novel application of using the piezoelectric ZnO NWs for converting nano-scale mechanical energy into electric energy is presented.

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