Breeding studies in potatoes containing high concentrations of anthocyanins

Studies of the breeding behavior of clones containing high levels of anthocyanins were conducted. Red-fleshed clones appeared in proportions suggesting multigenic control of degree of pigmentation. Red-fleshed and pur-ple-fleshed clones were always accompanied by red and purple skin, respectively. Red flesh ranged from partial pigmentation to complete pigmentation represented by pigment present in all tuber tissues. Percentage of com-pletely red-fleshed progeny was 14.5% and 4.1% in red x red crosses vs red × white (or the reciprocal), respectively. Purple-fleshed progeny were obtained from red x white crosses where the white-fleshed parent harbored theP pigment gene in juxtaposition with the nulliplex recessive state of theI gene (i.e.,iiii), which suppressed expression. Total anthocyanin ranged from 6.9 to 35 mg per 100 g fresh weight in the red-fleshed and 5.5 to 17.1 in the purple-fleshed clones. Red-fleshed clones contained predominantly acylated glycosides of pelargonidin while the purple-fleshed clones contained predominantly acylated glycosides of petunidin and peonidin. Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity and Ferrous Reducing Ability of Plasma revealed that the antioxidant levels in the red or purple-fleshed potatoes were two to three times higher than white-fleshed potato.ResumenSe llevaron a cabo estudios de mejoramiento sobre el comportamiento de clones de papa con niveles altos de antocianinas. Los clones de pulpa roja mostraron esta característica en mayor proporción, lo que sugiere un control multigénico del grado de pigmentación. Los clones de pulpa roja y los de pulpa morada estuvieron siempre acompañados de piel roja y piel morada respectivamente. La pulpa roja varió desde una pigmentación parcial a una pigmentación completa, en el cual el pigmento se encontraba presente en todos los tejidos del tubérculo. El porcentaje en una progenie de pulpa roja completa fue de 14.5% y 4.1% en los cruzamientos rojo x rojo vs. rojo × bianco (o recíproco) respectivamente. La progenie de pulpa morada se obtuvo de cruzamientos rojo × blanco, donde el progenitor de pulpa blanca albergaba el gen del pigmento moradoP en yuxtaposición con el estado recesivo nuliplex del gen inhibidorI, el cual suprimió la expresión. La antocianina total varió de 6.9 a 35mg por 100g de peso fresco en los clones de pulpa roja y de 5.5 a 17.1 mg en los de pulpa morada. Los clones de pulpa roja contenían predominantemente glicósidos acilados de pelargonidina, mientras que los clones morados contenían predominantemente glicósidos acilados de petunidina y pelargonidina. La Capacidad de Absorbencia del Radical Oxigeno y la Habilidad del Plasma para la Reducción del Hierro revelaron que los niveles de antioxidante en papas de pulpa roja o morada fueron de dos a tres veces mayores que en las papas de pulpa blanca.

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