Exploring the fundamental limits of planar antennas using optimization techniques

New lower physical bounds on the quality factor Q were recently reported in the literature by Yaghjian et al, and Mohammadpour et al. Due to the approximations made in derivation of the limits, examination of the limits for different antennas is very important but has not been reported. In this paper, physical bounds are examined for a set of meander line optimized antennas with different resonant frequencies. Q factor simulation results compare well with the limiting Q values.