Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of stroke.

[1]  M. Ginsberg,et al.  The ALIAS Pilot Trial: A Dose-Escalation and Safety Study of Albumin Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke—I: Physiological Responses and Safety Results , 2006, Stroke.

[2]  G. Zoppo Stroke and Neurovascular Protection , 2006 .

[3]  M. Campbell,et al.  Brain penetration of the novel free radical trapping neuroprotectant NXY-059 in rats subjected to permanent focal ischemia , 2006, Brain Research.

[4]  J. Grotta,et al.  NXY-059 for acute ischemic stroke. , 2006, The New England journal of medicine.

[5]  O. Lindvall,et al.  TNF-α antibody infusion impairs survival of stroke-generated neuroblasts in adult rat brain , 2005, Experimental Neurology.

[6]  B. Cesana,et al.  Intravenous Heparin Started Within the First 3 Hours After Onset of Symptoms as a Treatment for Acute Nonlacunar Hemispheric Cerebral Infarctions , 2005, Stroke.

[7]  G. Donnan,et al.  Stroke drug development: usually, but not always, animal models. , 2005, Stroke.

[8]  M. Fisher,et al.  Use of animal models has not contributed to development of acute stroke therapies: con. , 2005, Stroke.

[9]  N. Rothwell,et al.  A randomised phase II study of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in acute stroke patients , 2005, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry.

[10]  S. Carney Question: what do you call 500 scientists coming together to address the productivity gap? Answer: a start. , 2005, Drug discovery today.

[11]  Assessing combination treatments in acute stroke: Preclinical experiences , 2005, Behavioural Brain Research.

[12]  I. Angel,et al.  Clinical pharmacology of DP-b99 in healthy volunteers: first administration to humans. , 2005, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[13]  R. Busto,et al.  Stilbazulenyl Nitrone, a Second-Generation Azulenyl Nitrone Antioxidant, Confers Enduring Neuroprotection in Experimental Focal Cerebral Ischemia in the Rat: Neurobehavior, Histopathology, and Pharmacokinetics , 2005, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[14]  D. Howells,et al.  Vampire Bat Salivary Plasminogen Activator (Desmoteplase) Inhibits Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator-Induced Potentiation of Excitotoxic Injury , 2005, Stroke.

[15]  F. Mauler,et al.  Neuroprotective Efficacy of Repinotan HCl, a 5-HT1A Receptor Agonist, in Animal Models of Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury , 2005, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[16]  F. Lovering,et al.  Therapeutic potential of TACE inhibitors in stroke. , 2005, Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders.

[17]  T. Weiser AMPA receptor antagonists for the treatment of stroke. , 2005, Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders.

[18]  A. Shuaib,et al.  NMDA/NR2B selective antagonists in the treatment of ischemic brain injury. , 2005, Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders.

[19]  S. Finklestein,et al.  Growth factor treatment of stroke. , 2005, Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders.

[20]  E. Hinoi,et al.  Glutamate transporters as drug targets. , 2005, Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders.

[21]  A. Green,et al.  Free radical trapping as a therapeutic approach to neuroprotection in stroke: experimental and clinical studies with NXY-059 and free radical scavengers. , 2005, Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders.

[22]  T. Asano,et al.  Arundic acid (ONO-2506) ameliorates delayed ischemic brain damage by preventing astrocytic overproduction of S100B. , 2005, Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders.

[23]  S. Warach,et al.  The Desmoteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke Trial (DIAS): A Phase II MRI-Based 9-Hour Window Acute Stroke Thrombolysis Trial With Intravenous Desmoteplase , 2005, Stroke.

[24]  M. Chopp,et al.  Intravenous Administration of a GPIIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonist Extends the Therapeutic Window of Intra-Arterial Tenecteplase–Tissue Plasminogen Activator in a Rat Stroke Model , 2004, Stroke.

[25]  M. Fennell,et al.  Targeting JNK3 for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. , 2004, Drug discovery today.

[26]  Eng H. Lo,et al.  The Neurotoxicity of Tissue Plasminogen Activator? , 2004, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[27]  E. Jauch,et al.  Extending the window for acute stroke treatment: thrombolytics plus CNS protective therapies , 2004, Experimental Neurology.

[28]  F. J. Romero,et al.  Single-dose ebselen does not afford sustained neuroprotection to rats subjected to severe focal cerebral ischemia. , 2004, European journal of pharmacology.

[29]  A. Wägner,et al.  The NMDA NR2B subunit-selective receptor antagonist, CP-101,606, enhances the functional recovery the NMDA NR2B subunit-selective receptor and reduces brain damage after cortical compression-induced brain ischemia. , 2004, Journal of neurotrauma.

[30]  P. Barber,et al.  The rise and fall of NMDA antagonists for ischemic stroke. , 2004, Current molecular medicine.

[31]  I. Ford,et al.  Magnesium for acute stroke (Intravenous Magnesium Efficacy in Stroke trial): randomised controlled trial , 2004, The Lancet.

[32]  J. Phillis,et al.  A potentially critical role of phospholipases in central nervous system ischemic, traumatic, and neurodegenerative disorders , 2004, Brain Research Reviews.

[33]  L. Horrocks,et al.  Effect of cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline) on ischemia-induced alterations of brain lipid in the gerbil , 1981, Neurochemical Research.

[34]  J. Romano,et al.  High dose human serum albumin for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke , 2004, Neurocritical care.

[35]  D. Sherman Antithrombotic and Hypofibrinogenetic Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: What Is the Next Step? , 2003, Cerebrovascular Diseases.

[36]  D. Jackson,et al.  Nitrones as neuroprotective agents in cerebral ischemia, with particular reference to NXY-059. , 2003, Pharmacology & therapeutics.

[37]  Weizhao Zhao,et al.  Stilbazulenyl nitrone, a novel antioxidant, is highly neuroprotective in focal ischemia , 2003, Annals of neurology.

[38]  Jun Yang,et al.  Proportion of different subtypes of stroke in China. , 2003, Stroke.

[39]  R. Ridley,et al.  Functional and histological evidence for the protective effect of NXY-059 in a primate model of stroke when given 4 hours after occlusion. , 2003, Stroke.

[40]  T. Odergren,et al.  Animal models of stroke: do they have value for discovering neuroprotective agents? , 2003, Trends in pharmacological sciences.

[41]  G. Rosenberg,et al.  Closure of the Blood-Brain Barrier by Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition Reduces rtPA-Mediated Mortality in Cerebral Ischemia With Delayed Reperfusion , 2003, Stroke.

[42]  M. Chopp,et al.  Adjuvant Treatment With a Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Inhibitor Increases the Therapeutic Window for Low-Dose Tissue Plasminogen Activator Administration in a Rat Model of Embolic Stroke , 2003, Circulation.

[43]  J. Ellsworth,et al.  Fibroblast Growth Factor-18 Reduced Infarct Volumes and Behavioral Deficits After Transient Occlusion of the Middle Cerebral Artery in Rats , 2003, Stroke.

[44]  J. Roda,et al.  Combined nimodipine and citicoline reduce infarct size, attenuate apoptosis and increase bcl-2 expression after focal cerebral ischemia , 2003, Neuroscience.

[45]  Tao Yang,et al.  Reduced brain infarct volume and improved neurological outcome by inhibition of the NR2B subunit of NMDA receptors by using CP101,606-27 alone and in combination with rt-PA in a thromboembolic stroke model in rats. , 2003, Journal of neurosurgery.

[46]  W. Hacke,et al.  Tolerability of NXY-059 at Higher Target Concentrations in Patients With Acute Stroke , 2003, Stroke.

[47]  R. Medcalf,et al.  Vampire Bat Salivary Plasminogen Activator (Desmoteplase): A Unique Fibrinolytic Enzyme That Does Not Promote Neurodegeneration , 2003, Stroke.

[48]  R. Traystman Animal models of focal and global cerebral ischemia. , 2003, ILAR journal.

[49]  J. Hallenbeck The many faces of tumor necrosis factor in stroke , 2002, Nature Medicine.

[50]  S. Warach,et al.  Oral Citicoline in Acute Ischemic Stroke: An Individual Patient Data Pooling Analysis of Clinical Trials , 2002, Stroke.

[51]  R. M. Adibhatla,et al.  Citicoline mechanisms and clinical efficacy in cerebral ischemia , 2002, Journal of neuroscience research.

[52]  B. Siesjö,et al.  NXY-059 maintains Akt activation and inhibits release of cytochrome C after focal cerebral ischemia , 2002, Brain Research.

[53]  F. Cheng,et al.  Effects of magnesium sulfate on energy metabolites and glutamate in the cortex during focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in the gerbil monitored by a dual-probe microdialysis technique. , 2002, Life sciences.

[54]  M. Krakovsky,et al.  Metal ion chelation in neurodegenerative disorders , 2002 .

[55]  N. Holbrook,et al.  Cellular response to oxidative stress: Signaling for suicide and survival * , 2002, Journal of cellular physiology.

[56]  Takashi Mori,et al.  Astrocytic Activation and Delayed Infarct Expansion after Permanent Focal Ischemia in Rats. Part II: Suppression of Astrocytic Activation by a Novel Agent (R)-(−)-2-propyloctanoic acid (ONO-2506) Leads to Mitigation of Delayed Infarct Expansion and Early Improvement of Neurologic Deficits , 2002, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[57]  P. Lapchak,et al.  Effects of the Spin Trap Agent Disodium- [tert-butylimino)methyl]benzene-1,3-disulfonate N-Oxide (Generic NXY-059) on Intracerebral Hemorrhage in a Rabbit Large Clot Embolic Stroke Model: Combination Studies With Tissue Plasminogen Activator , 2002, Stroke.

[58]  P. Lapchak,et al.  Neuroprotective Effects of the Spin Trap Agent Disodium-[(tert-butylimino)methyl]benzene-1,3-disulfonate N-Oxide (Generic NXY-059) in a Rabbit Small Clot Embolic Stroke Model: Combination Studies With the Thrombolytic Tissue Plasminogen Activator , 2002, Stroke.

[59]  B. Siesjö,et al.  Effect of NXY-059 on secondary mitochondrial dysfunction after transient focal ischemia; comparison with cyclosporin A , 2002, Brain Research.

[60]  Tao Yang,et al.  Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Antagonist, Murine 7E3 F(ab′)2, and Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Focal Ischemia: Evaluation of Efficacy and Risk of Hemorrhage with Combination Therapy , 2002, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[61]  A. Cross,et al.  Effect of NXY‐059 on infarct volume after transient or permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat; studies on dose, plasma concentration and therapeutic time window , 2002, British journal of pharmacology.

[62]  R. Busto,et al.  Neuroprotective effect of treatment with human albumin in permanent focal cerebral ischemia: histopathology and cortical perfusion studies. , 2001, European journal of pharmacology.

[63]  N. Rothwell,et al.  Cytokines and acute neurodegeneration , 2001, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[64]  Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable Recommendations for Clinical Trial Evaluation of Acute Stroke Therapies , 2001, Stroke.

[65]  R. Jordan,et al.  7E3 F(ab’)2, an Effective Antagonist of Rat αIIbβ3 and αvβ3, Blocks In Vivo Thrombus Formation and In Vitro Angiogenesis , 2001, Thrombosis and Haemostasis.

[66]  W. Schleuning Vampire Bat Plasminogen Activator DSPA-Alpha-1 (Desmoteplase): A Thrombolytic Drug Optimized by Natural Selection , 2001, Pathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis.

[67]  R. Sacco,et al.  Glycine antagonist in neuroprotection for patients with acute stroke: GAIN Americas: a randomized controlled trial. , 2001, JAMA.

[68]  D. Corbett,et al.  Efficacy of disodium 4-[(tert-butylimino)methyl]benzene-1,3-disulfonate N-oxide (NXY-059), a free radical trapping agent, in a rat model of hemorrhagic stroke , 2001, Neuropharmacology.

[69]  T. Inoue,et al.  New 5-HT1A receptor agonists possessing 1,4-benzoxazepine scaffold exhibit highly potent anti-ischemic effects. , 2001, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters.

[70]  R. Busto,et al.  Human Albumin Therapy of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Marked Neuroprotective Efficacy at Moderate Doses and With a Broad Therapeutic Window , 2001, Stroke.

[71]  P. Chan Reactive Oxygen Radicals in Signaling and Damage in the Ischemic Brain , 2001, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[72]  R. Ridley,et al.  NXY-059, a Free Radical–Trapping Agent, Substantially Lessens the Functional Disability Resulting From Cerebral Ischemia in a Primate Species , 2001, Stroke.

[73]  K. R. Maples,et al.  Comparison of the radical trapping ability of PBN, S-PBN and NXY-059 , 2001, Free radical research.

[74]  P. Lapchak,et al.  Metalloproteinase Inhibition Reduces Thrombolytic (Tissue Plasminogen Activator)–Induced Hemorrhage After Thromboembolic Stroke , 2000, Stroke.

[75]  A. A. Parsons,et al.  Therapeutic potential of anti-inflammatory drugs in focal stroke , 2000, Expert opinion on investigational drugs.

[76]  A. Shuaib,et al.  Survival and histological evaluation of therapeutic window of post-ischemia treatment with magnesium sulfate in embolic stroke model of rat , 2000, Neuroscience Letters.

[77]  D. Levy,et al.  Intravenous ancrod for treatment of acute ischemic stroke: the STAT study: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke Treatment with Ancrod Trial. , 2000, JAMA.

[78]  E. Lo,et al.  Reduction of Tissue Plasminogen Activator-Induced Hemorrhage and Brain Injury by Free Radical Spin Trapping after Embolic Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats , 2000, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[79]  A. Shuaib,et al.  Evaluating the Efficacy of Citicoline in Embolic Ischemic Stroke in Rats: Neuroprotective Effects When Used Alone or in Combination with Urokinase , 2000, Experimental Neurology.

[80]  R. Higashida,et al.  Intra-arterial Prourokinase for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The PROACT II Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial , 1999 .

[81]  Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable Recommendations for standards regarding preclinical neuroprotective and restorative drug development. , 1999, Stroke.

[82]  R. Dempsey,et al.  CDP‐choline: Neuroprotection in transient forebrain ischemia of gerbils , 1999, Journal of neuroscience research.

[83]  M. Hoehn,et al.  Thrombolysis of cerebral clot embolism in rat: effect of treatment delay. , 1999, Neuroreport.

[84]  M. Moskowitz,et al.  Pathobiology of ischaemic stroke: an integrated view , 1999, Trends in Neurosciences.

[85]  S. Kuroda,et al.  Neuroprotective Effects of a Novel Nitrone, NXY-059, after Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in the Rat , 1999, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[86]  K. Hossmann,et al.  Brain hemorrhages after rt-PA treatment of embolic stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats. , 1999, Neuroreport.

[87]  Takashi Mori,et al.  Intraluminal increase of superoxide anion following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats , 1999, Brain Research.

[88]  S. Love Oxidative Stress in Brain Ischemia , 1999, Brain pathology.

[89]  H. Reulen,et al.  Neuroprotective effects of combination therapy with tirilazad and magnesium in rats subjected to reversible focal cerebral ischemia. , 1999, Neurosurgery.

[90]  M. Kaste,et al.  Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of thrombolytic therapy with intravenous alteplase in acute ischaemic stroke (ECASS II) , 1998, The Lancet.

[91]  R. Jordan,et al.  Abciximab (ReoPro, Chimeric 7E3 Fab) Demonstrates Equivalent Affinity and Functional Blockade of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and αvβ3 Integrins , 1998 .

[92]  R. Busto,et al.  The effect of high-dose albumin therapy on local cerebral perfusion after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats , 1998, Brain Research.

[93]  G. Gaviraghi,et al.  IDENTIFICATION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GV150526, A NOVEL GLYCINE ANTAGONIST AS A POTENT NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT , 1998 .

[94]  R. Bullock,et al.  Effect of CP101,606, a novel NR2B subunit antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, on the volume of ischemic brain damage off cytotoxic brain edema after middle cerebral artery occlusion in the feline brain. , 1997, Stroke.

[95]  C. Warlow,et al.  Systematic review of evidence on thrombolytic therapy for acute ischaemic stroke , 1997, The Lancet.

[96]  F. Menniti,et al.  CP-101,606, a potent neuroprotectant selective for forebrain neurons. , 1997, European journal of pharmacology.

[97]  R. Willette,et al.  Tumor necrosis factor-alpha. A mediator of focal ischemic brain injury. , 1997, Stroke.

[98]  R. McBurney Development of the NMDA ion-channel blocker, aptiganel hydrochloride, as a neuroprotective agent for acute CNS injury. , 1997, International review of neurobiology.

[99]  A. Cross,et al.  Techniques for examining neuroprotective drugs in vivo. , 1997, International review of neurobiology.

[100]  R. Ridley,et al.  Assessment of functional impairment following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in a non-human primate species. , 1996, Neurodegeneration : a journal for neurodegenerative disorders, neuroprotection, and neuroregeneration.

[101]  R. Harbaugh,et al.  Neuroprotective effects of preischemia intraarterial magnesium sulfate in reversible focal cerebral ischemia. , 1996, Journal of neurosurgery.

[102]  Yong Y. He,et al.  The Role of Zinc in Selective Neuronal Death After Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia , 1996, Science.

[103]  R. Busto,et al.  Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism Simultaneous Measurement of Salicylate Hydroxylation and Glutamate Release in the Penumbral Cortex following Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats , 2022 .

[104]  F. Menniti,et al.  (1S,2S)-1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-4-phenylpiperidino)-1- propanol: A Potent New Neuroprotectant Which Blocks N-Methyl-D- aspartate Responses. , 1995 .

[105]  Joseph P. Broderick,et al.  Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. , 1995 .

[106]  K. Kogure,et al.  Role of Neutrophils in Radical Production during Ischemia and Reperfusion of the Rat Brain: Effect of Neutrophil Depletion on Extracellular Ascorbyl Radical Formation , 1995, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[107]  W. Schleuning,et al.  Structural Features Mediating Fibrin Selectivity of Vampire Bat Plasminogen Activators (*) , 1995, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[108]  M. Collins,et al.  (1S,2S)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-4-phenylpiperidino)-1-propanol: a potent new neuroprotectant which blocks N-methyl-D-aspartate responses. , 1995, Journal of medicinal chemistry.

[109]  V. Marder,et al.  Comparison of the bleeding potential of vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator versus tissue plasminogen activator in an experimental rabbit model. , 1995, Circulation.

[110]  A. Cross,et al.  The effects of chlormethiazole and nimodipine on cortical infarct area after focal cerebral ischaemia in the rat , 1993, Neuroscience.

[111]  J. Relton,et al.  Involvement of interleukin-1 and lipocortin-1 in ischaemic brain damage. , 1993, Cerebrovascular and brain metabolism reviews.

[112]  Y. Yamamoto,et al.  Action of ebselen as an antioxidant against lipid peroxidation. , 1992, Biochemical pharmacology.

[113]  A. Buchan,et al.  Tirilazad Reduces Cortical Infarction After Transient but Not Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats , 1992, Stroke.

[114]  C. Weiller,et al.  Type and extent of hemispheric brain infarctions and clinical outcome in early and delayed middle cerebral artery recanalization , 1992, Neurology.

[115]  J. Seylaz,et al.  Reduction of Infarct Volume by Magnesium after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats , 1991, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[116]  A. Nagaoka,et al.  Effects of CDP-choline on neurologic deficits and cerebral glucose metabolism in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. , 1988, Stroke.

[117]  G. Goodwin,et al.  The pharmacology of the hypothermic response in mice to 8-hydroxy-2-(DI-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) A model of presynaptic 5-HT1 function , 1985, Neuropharmacology.

[118]  L. Nowak,et al.  Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurones , 1984, Nature.