Adsorption behaviors of some phenolic compounds onto high specific area activated carbon cloth.

Adsorption of phenol, hydroquinone, m-cresol, p-cresol and p-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions onto high specific area activated carbon cloth has been studied. The effect of ionization on adsorption of these ionizable phenolic compounds was examined by studying the adsorption from acidic, basic and natural pH solutions. Kinetics of adsorption was followed by in situ UV spectroscopy over a period of 90 min. First-order rate law was found to be valid for the kinetics of adsorption processes and the rate constants were determined. The highest rate constants were obtained for the adsorption from solutions at the natural pH. The lowest rate constants were observed in basic solutions. The rate constants decreased in the order p-nitrophenol approximately m-cresol>p-cresol>hydroquinone approximately phenol. Adsorption isotherms were derived at 30 degrees C and the isotherm data were treated according to Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isotherm equations. The goodness of fit of experimental data to these isotherm equations was tested and the parameters of equations were determined. The possible interactions of compounds with the carbon surface were discussed considering the charge of the surface and the possible ionization of compounds at acidic, basic and natural pH conditions.

[1]  O. Duman,et al.  Structural and ionization effects on the adsorption behaviors of some anilinic compounds from aqueous solution onto high-area carbon-cloth. , 2005, Journal of hazardous materials.

[2]  C. Jung,et al.  The effects of picolinic acid and pH on the adsorption of Cu(II) by activated carbon fibers , 2002 .

[3]  B. Singh,et al.  Active carbon for removal of toxic chemicals from contaminated water , 1996 .

[4]  B. Babic,et al.  Adsorption of zinc, cadmium and mercury ions from aqueous solutions on an activated carbon cloth , 2002 .

[5]  F. Rodríguez-Reinoso,et al.  Adsorption of substituted phenols on activated carbon , 1988 .

[6]  C. Moreno-Castilla.  Adsorption of organic molecules from aqueous solutions on carbon materials , 2004 .

[7]  F. Khalili,et al.  Analysis of the removal of lead(II) from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto insolubilized humic acid: temperature and pH dependence , 2004 .

[8]  B. Conway,et al.  Molecular Structure Effects in the Adsorption Behaviour of some Aromatic Heterocyclic Compounds at High-Area Carbon-Cloth in Relation to Waste-Water Purification , 2003 .

[9]  M. Yenkie,et al.  Adsorption Equilibrium Studies of Some Aqueous Aromatic Pollutants on Granular Activated Carbon Samples , 1991 .

[10]  K. Kadirvelu,et al.  Activated carbon from coconut coirpith as metal adsorbent: adsorption of Cd(II) from aqueous solution , 2003 .

[11]  Feng-Chin Wu,et al.  Role of Microporosity of Activated Carbons on Their Adsorption Abilities for Phenols and Dyes , 2001 .

[12]  A. K. Kalkar,et al.  Adsorption of anilines and cresols on NaX and different cation exchanged zeolites (equilibrium, kinetic, and IR investigations) , 2002 .

[13]  A. Soffer,et al.  The electrical double layer of high surface porous carbon electrode , 1972 .

[14]  Kohei Urano,et al.  Equilibria for adsorption of organic compounds on activated carbons in aqueous solutions I. Modified Freundlich isotherm equation and adsorption potentials of organic compounds , 1981 .

[15]  K. Kobe,et al.  Chemical engineering kinetics , 1956 .

[16]  B. Babic,et al.  Point of zero charge and intrinsic equilibrium constants of activated carbon cloth , 1999 .

[17]  S. Allen,et al.  Comparison of optimised isotherm models for basic dye adsorption by kudzu. , 2003, Bioresource technology.

[18]  Surendra Kumar,et al.  Adsorption of resorcinol and catechol on granular activated carbon: Equilibrium and kinetics , 2003 .

[19]  F. Tezel,et al.  Removal of phenol from aqueous solutions by adsorption. , 2004, Journal of environmental management.

[20]  R. C. Weast.  Handbook of chemistry and physics , 1973 .

[21]  K. Kadirvelu,et al.  Orange peel as an adsorbent in the removal of acid violet 17 (acid dye) from aqueous solutions. , 2001, Waste management.

[22]  B. Conway,et al.  Development of techniques for purification of waste waters: removal of pyridine from aqueous solution by adsorption at high-area C-cloth electrodes using in situ optical spectrometry , 2002 .

[23]  Theodore P. Labuza,et al.  Evaluation of food moisture sorption isotherm equations part I: Fruit, vegetable and meat products , 1985 .

[24]  H. F. Shurvell,et al.  Introduction to Organic Spectroscopy , 1987 .

[25]  P. Cloirec,et al.  Pollutant Adsorption onto Activated Carbon Membranes , 1991 .

[26]  Osman Duman,et al.  Moisture sorption isotherms of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) and its protein isolate at 10, 20 and 30 °C , 2005 .

[27]  Feng-Chin Wu,et al.  Liquid-Phase Adsorption of Phenol and Its Derivatives on Activated Carbon Fibers , 1996 .

[28]  G. Lu,et al.  Effects of the Solute Ionization on the Adsorption of Aromatic Compounds from Dilute Aqueous Solutions by Activated Carbon , 2002 .

[29]  K. László,et al.  Surface chemistry of nanoporous carbon and the effect of pH on adsorption from aqueous phenol and 2,3,4-trichlorophenol solutions , 2003 .

[30]  B. Conway,et al.  Adsorption and electrosorption at high-area carbon-felt electrodes for waste-water purification: Systems evaluation with inorganic, S-containing anions , 2001 .

[31]  B. Conway,et al.  Use of quasi-3-dimensional porous electrodes for adsorption and electrocatalytic removal of impurities from waste-waters , 2001 .

[32]  B. Conway,et al.  Removal of phenol, phenoxide and chlorophenols from waste-waters by adsorption and electrosorption at high-area carbon felt electrodes , 2001 .