Distributing Intelligence within an Individual

Distributed artificial intelligence (DAI) refers to systems in which decentralized, cooperative agents work synergistically to perform a task. Alternative DAI models resemble particular biological or social systems, such as teams, contract nets, or societies. Our DAI model resembles a single individual, characterized by adaptability, versatility, and coherence. The proposed DAI architecture comprises a hierarchy of loosely coupled agents for specific perception, action, and reasoning functions, all operating under the supervision of a top-level control agent. We demonstrate the proposed architecture in the Guardian system for intensive-care monitoring.

[1]  Russ B. Altman,et al.  PROTEAN: Deriving Protein Structure from Constraints , 1986, AAAI.

[2]  W. Knaus,et al.  An evaluation of outcome from intensive care in major medical centers. , 1986, Annals of internal medicine.

[3]  Cathleen Stasz,et al.  Network Structures for Distributed Situation Assessment , 1980, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

[4]  Lewis M. Norton,et al.  Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence : IJCAI-69, 7-9 May 1969, Washington, D.C. , 1969 .

[5]  Robert B. Wesson,et al.  Architectures for distributed air-traffic control , 1988 .

[6]  Randall Steeb,et al.  Strategies of Cooperation in Distributed Problem Solving , 1983, IJCAI.

[7]  Mark S. Fox,et al.  An Organizational View of Distributed Systems , 1988, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

[8]  Carl Hewitt,et al.  Viewing Control Structures as Patterns of Passing Messages , 1977, Artif. Intell..

[9]  Victor R. Lesser,et al.  Unifying Data-Directed and Goal-Directed Control: An Example and Experiments , 1982, AAAI.

[10]  Jeffrey S. Rosenschein,et al.  Deals Among Rational Agents , 1985, IJCAI.

[11]  Victor R. Lesser,et al.  Parallelism in Artificial Intelligence Problem Solving: A Case Study of Hearsay II , 1977, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[12]  Barbara Hayes-Roth,et al.  Making Intelligent Systems Adaptive , 1988 .

[13]  Carl Hewitt,et al.  The Scientific Community Metaphor , 1988, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

[14]  Alan Garvey,et al.  A Layered Environment for Reasoning about Action , 1986 .

[15]  Barbara Hayes-Roth,et al.  A Blackboard Architecture for Control , 1985, Artif. Intell..

[16]  Thomas J. Laffey,et al.  Intelligent Real-Time Monitoring , 1988, AAAI.

[17]  Victor R. Lesser,et al.  The Distributed Vehicle Monitoring Testbed: A Tool for Investigating Distributed Problem Solving Networks , 1983, AI Mag..

[18]  Barbara Hayes-Roth,et al.  Modeling Planning as an Incremental, Opportunistic Process , 1979, IJCAI.

[19]  Randall Davis,et al.  Negotiation as a Metaphor for Distributed Problem Solving , 1988, Artif. Intell..

[20]  Lokendra Shastri,et al.  A Connectionist Encoding of Semantic Networks , 1987 .

[21]  Edmund H. Durfee,et al.  Cooperation through communication in a distributed problem-solving network , 1990 .

[22]  Tom M. Mitchell,et al.  In Architectures for Intelligence , 1989 .

[23]  Randall Davis,et al.  Distributed Problem Solving: The Contract Net Approach , 1978 .

[24]  Victor R. Lesser,et al.  The Hearsay-II Speech-Understanding System: Integrating Knowledge to Resolve Uncertainty , 1980, CSUR.