Pancytopenia with erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) hyporesponsiveness due to copper deficiency in a patient undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

キーワード:血液透析,銅欠乏,汎血球減少,ESA 療法低反応性,亜鉛過剰 〈要旨〉 80歳,男性.32歳時より糖尿病,65歳時に胃癌で胃部分切除施行.71歳時に糖尿病性腎不全で維持血液透析を 開始.77歳時から入院までの 31か月間,亜鉛含有胃粘膜保護薬(ポラプレジンク)を服用した.79歳時,遺伝子 組み換え・ヒト・エリスロポエチン 9,000単位/週の投与中に,汎血球減少症と ESA療法低反応性貧血が発症し,2 か月の間に増悪して本院に紹介となった.入院時には,末梢血WBC 2,800/μL,Hb 7.4 g/dL,血小板 8.2万/μLの 汎血球減少症を呈した.血清銅 2μg/dL(基準値:68~128),血清セルロプラスミン 5 mg/dL(基準値 21~37)と 著しい低値を示した.肺炎のため CRPは,20.9 mg/dLと上昇し,血清鉄 23μg/mL,血清フェリチン 1,471 ng/mL を呈した.また,血清亜鉛は 140μg/dL(基準値 70~110)と高値を示した.骨髄穿刺所見はmyelodysplastic syndrome(MDS),refractory anemia with ringed sideroblastsと診断した.これらの所見から汎血球減少症と ESA療 法低反応性貧血は,銅欠乏症が原因と診断した.銅欠乏症の発症に亜鉛過剰の関与が示唆された.亜鉛含有胃粘膜 保護薬の投与を中止して銅の補充を行ったところ,汎血球減少症と ESA低反応性貧血は,血清銅値,血清セルロプ ラスミン値の上昇に伴って改善し,3か月後に治癒した.

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