Long-Term Coronary Vascular Response to 32P β-Particle–Emitting Stents in a Canine Model

Background—The arterial placement of 32P β-particle–emitting stents in various experimental animal models results in discordant effects on neointimal formation. We studied the vascular effects of β-particle–emitting stents in normal canine coronary arteries because compared with pigs and rabbits, the canine model may more closely mimic the vascular response of humans. Methods and Results—Thirty stents (control nonradioactive, n=10; low-activity 32P, 3.5 to 6.0 μCi, n=11; high-activity 32P, 6.5 to 14.4 μCi, n=8) were implanted in normal canine coronary arteries through the use of a single balloon inflation at nominal pressure. Histological analysis after 15 weeks included the measurement of neointimal and adventitial area and thickness. Neointimal fibrin area was measured with the use of computer-assisted color segmentation on Movat pentachrome sections. Luminal stenosis was significantly increased in 32P stents compared with control stents (44.6±16.8% versus 32.7±10.8%; P=0.05) and was highest in the high...

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