The compatible balancing approach to initialization, and four-dimensional data assimilation

We present an attempt at a unified theoretical approach to both the four-dimensional assimilation of asynoptic data and the initialization problem. This approach relies on the derivation of certain relationships between geopotential tendencies and tendencies of the horizontal velocity field in primitive-equation models of atmospheric flow. The approach is worked out and analyzed in detail for some simple barotropic models. Certain independent results of numerical experiments for the time-continuous assimilation of real asynoptic meterological data into a complex, baroclinic weather prediction model are discussed in the context of the present approach. Tentative inferences are drawn for practical assimilation procedures. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1980.tb00947.x

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