Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis

The bipolar membrane (BPM) is a composite membrane composed of three parts: a cation exchange layer, an anion exchange layer, and an interface layer. BMP electrodialysis is an energy-efficient means for converting salts to their acids and bases. In the process, water molecules are transferred from the external solution into the membrane and generate a water dissociation (splitting) reaction. Water transfer and water dissociation are the fundamental phenomena in BMP technology and are discussed here. Water splitting enhances the efficiency of the process and is accelerated by incorporating catalytic components into the interface. The thickness of the interface layer and the potential gradient, current efficiency, energy consumption, and rectification effect are also discussed. The BMP technology is applied in the fields of pollution control, resource recovery and chemical processing. Practicing examples are introduced in HF/HNO 3 recovery from the stainless pickling process and NaOH/H 2 SO 4 recovery from the rayon manufacturing process.

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