Passive smoking and preterm birth in urban China.

Studies investigating the relationship between maternal passive smoking and the risk of preterm birth have reached inconsistent conclusions. A birth cohort study that included 10,095 nonsmoking women who delivered a singleton live birth was carried out in Lanzhou, China, between 2010 and 2012. Exposure to passive smoking during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of very preterm birth (<32 completed weeks of gestation; odds ratio = 1.98, 95% confidence interval: 1.41, 2.76) but not moderate preterm birth (32-36 completed weeks of gestation; odds ratio = 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.81, 1.19). Risk of very preterm birth increased with the duration of exposure (P for trend = 0.0014). There was no variability in exposures by trimester. The associations were consistent for both medically indicated and spontaneous preterm births. Overall, our findings support a positive association between passive smoking and the risk of very preterm birth.

[1]  J. Meeker,et al.  Infertility, Pregnancy Loss and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Relation to Maternal Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure. , 2013, Current women's health reviews.

[2]  H. Abenhaim,et al.  Increased Risk of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes at Early Gestational Ages among Maternal Cigarette Smokers , 2013, American Journal of Perinatology.

[3]  T. Liu,et al.  Interaction between Maternal Passive Smoking during Pregnancy and CYP1A1 and GSTs Polymorphisms on Spontaneous Preterm Delivery , 2012, PloS one.

[4]  J. Hassan,et al.  Environmental tobacco smoke and stress as risk factors for miscarriage and preterm births , 2012, Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

[5]  Ann-Beth Moller,et al.  National, regional, and worldwide estimates of preterm birth rates in the year 2010 with time trends since 1990 for selected countries: a systematic analysis and implications , 2012, The Lancet.

[6]  J. Lawn,et al.  Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after intrauterine and neonatal insults: a systematic review , 2012, The Lancet.

[7]  G. Saade,et al.  Timing of indicated late-preterm and early-term birth. , 2011, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[8]  J. Critchley,et al.  Trends in smoking and quitting in China from 1993 to 2003: National Health Service Survey data. , 2010, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

[9]  M. Noland,et al.  The effects of prenatal secondhand smoke exposure on preterm birth and neonatal outcomes. , 2010, Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN.

[10]  C. Buhimschi,et al.  Multidimensional system biology: genetic markers and proteomic biomarkers of adverse pregnancy outcome in preterm birth. , 2008, American journal of perinatology.

[11]  A. Hofman,et al.  Active and passive maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risks of low birthweight and preterm birth: the Generation R Study. , 2008, Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology.

[12]  H. Odendaal.  Smoking and drinking during pregnancy , 2008 .

[13]  T. Coleman,et al.  Environmental tobacco smoke and fetal health: systematic review and meta-analysis , 2008, Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal and Neonatal Edition.

[14]  T. Coleman,et al.  Prevalence of maternal smoking and environmental tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy and impact on birth weight: retrospective study using Millennium Cohort , 2007, BMC public health.

[15]  C. Ananth,et al.  Maternal-fetal conditions necessitating a medical intervention resulting in preterm birth. , 2006, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[16]  S. Cousens,et al.  4 million neonatal deaths: When? Where? Why? , 2005, The Lancet.

[17]  D. Savitz,et al.  Should spontaneous and medically indicated preterm births be separated for studying aetiology? , 2005, Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology.

[18]  F. Perera,et al.  Developmental effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and material hardship among inner-city children. , 2004, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[19]  M. Kaminski,et al.  The complex relationship between smoking in pregnancy and very preterm delivery , 2004, BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[20]  J. Sunyer,et al.  Assessment of chronic exposure to cigarette smoke and its change during pregnancy by segmental analysis of maternal hair nicotine , 2003, Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology.

[21]  H. Taskinen,et al.  Effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on reproductive health. , 2002, Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health.

[22]  B. Eskenazi,et al.  Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in pregnant women: the association between self-report and serum cotinine. , 2002, Environmental research.

[23]  A. Woodward,et al.  Is the hair nicotine level a more accurate biomarker of environmental tobacco smoke exposure than urine cotinine? , 2002, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

[24]  J. Jaakkola,et al.  Fetal growth and length of gestation in relation to prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke assessed by hair nicotine concentration. , 2001, Environmental health perspectives.

[25]  S. Fisher,et al.  Concordant in situ and in vitro data show that maternal cigarette smoking negatively regulates placental cytotrophoblast passage through the cell cycle. , 2000, Reproductive toxicology.

[26]  M. Dombrowski,et al.  The Preterm Prediction Study: prediction of preterm premature rupture of membranes through clinical findings and ancillary testing. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. , 2000, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[27]  S. Swan,et al.  Prenatal active or passive tobacco smoke exposure and the risk of preterm delivery or low birth weight. , 2000, Epidemiology.

[28]  D. Savitz,et al.  Placental abruption and adverse perinatal outcomes. , 1999, JAMA.

[29]  P. Ancel,et al.  Very and moderate preterm births: are the risk factors different? , 1999, British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[30]  M. Bracken,et al.  Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and small-for-gestational-age birth. , 1999, American journal of epidemiology.

[31]  E. Florek,et al.  Passive smoking and pregnancy outcome in central Poland , 1999, Human & experimental toxicology.

[32]  S. Cnattingius,et al.  Preterm birth and maternal smoking: risks related to gestational age and onset of delivery. , 1998, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[33]  L. Grummer-Strawn,et al.  Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and birth outcome: increased effects on pregnant women aged 30 years or older. , 1997, American journal of epidemiology.

[34]  J M Bland,et al.  Preterm delivery: effects of socioeconomic factors, psychological stress, smoking, alcohol, and caffeine , 1995, BMJ.

[35]  I. K. Rossavik.  Fetal growth and the etiology of preterm delivery. , 1995, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[36]  Klebanoff Ma,et al.  Top down, bottom up and inside out: reflections on preterm birth. , 1995 .

[37]  E. Lieberman,et al.  Low birthweight at term and the timing of fetal exposure to maternal smoking. , 1994, American journal of public health.

[38]  I. Fortier,et al.  Passive smoking during pregnancy and the risk of delivering a small-for-gestational-age infant. , 1994, American journal of epidemiology.

[39]  R. Woolson,et al.  Risks for premature rupture of amniotic membranes. , 1993, International journal of epidemiology.

[40]  M. Mathai,et al.  Passive maternal smoking and birthweight in a South Indian population , 1992, British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[41]  S. Bonassi,et al.  Effect of passive smoking during pregnancy on selected perinatal parameters. , 1990, International journal of epidemiology.

[42]  M. Bracken,et al.  Association of low birth weight with passive smoke exposure in pregnancy. , 1986, American journal of epidemiology.

[43]  M. Klebanoff,et al.  Smoking and drinking during pregnancy. Their effects on preterm birth. , 1986, JAMA.

[44]  K Funaki,et al.  [Prevention of premature birth]. , 1971, Sanfujinka no jissai. Practice of gynecology and obstetrics.

[45]  ACOG committee opinion no. 560: Medically indicated late-preterm and early-term deliveries. , 2013, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[46]  Joy E. Lawn,et al.  Born too soon: the global action report on preterm birth , 2012 .

[47]  P. Goel,et al.  Effects of passive smoking on outcome in pregnancy. , 2004, Journal of postgraduate medicine.

[48]  C. Ananth,et al.  Preeclampsia and Preterm Birth Subtypes in Nova Scotia, 1986 to 1992 , 1997, American journal of perinatology.

[49]  M. Klebanoff,et al.  Top down, bottom up and inside out: reflections on preterm birth. , 1995, Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology.