Nature et substratum neurologique du sens de l'effort.

Resume Introduction Quels sont la nature et le substratum neural de la perception de la force musculaire volontaire ? Etat des connaissances . Les donnees experimentales demontrent que des signaux efferents derives de la commande motrice jouent un role dominant dans le processus par lequel la force volontaire est percue. Ceci signifie que la perception de la force volontaire est realisee, avant tout, par l’intermediaire d’un sens de l’effort, et non pas par l’intermediaire d’un sens de la tension intramusculaire. De nombreuses etudes montrent neanmoins que les informations en provenance des capteurs sensoriels participent au sens de l’effort. Leur role ne consiste pas a engendrer un signal d’effort, mais plutot a moduler et a calibrer l’intensite de celui-ci. Les etudes de neuro-imagerie et de neuropsychologie revelent par ailleurs que de nombreuses structures corticales participent a la perception de la force musculaire volontaire. Perspectives et conclusion Dans ce type de tâche, les ganglions de la base pourraient assurer la mise en coherence de l’activite corticale.

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