Presumed Consent With Opt-Out: An Ethical Consent Approach to Automatically Refer Patients With Cancer to Tobacco Treatment Services.

Continued smoking after cancer diagnosis increases the risk of cancer recurrence, treatment-related toxic-ities, treatment failure, and death. 1-9 Apart from disease site and stage, continued smoking is the strongest predictor of mortality in patients with cancer. 9,10 Quitting smoking can increase long-term survival, reduce total symptom burden, decrease treatment toxicity, optimize postoperative outcomes in patients requiring surgery, and improve quality of life.

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