Energy cooperation in wireless relay networks

Funding information China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: 2016M592756; the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar, Grant/Award Number: 61825104 Abstract This work deals with the problem of insufficient energy caused by the frequent use of relay nodes in wireless sensor networks. Here, energy cooperation relay selection algorithm is proposed in energy heterogeneous networks. It is assumed that the location of relay nodes obeys a homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP), and the relay nodes adopt an adaptive energy collection technology, which can harvest energy from the surrounding environment and decide whether to use or store it according to the current energy status of the battery. The relay nodes are divided into three kinds: the communication relay, the candidate relay and the ordinary relay. The candidate relay nodes are determined by K-medoids clustering algorithms and the ordinary relay nodes transmit energy to them. Finally, the number of data packets sent by relay nodes and the expression of the energy status of the battery are derived correspond to the relay cooperation selection algorithm. The simulation results show that the energy cooperation relay selection scheme effectively extends lifetime of the network when the total network energy is relatively small.