Kinetics of thermalization in shock waves

The recently developed interlaced system which can be employed for the numerical calculation of flow problems with arbitrary cell-Knudsen numbers, Knc=λ/Δx (λ=mean free path length, Δx=typical computational cell dimension), has been extended by introducing a Lennard–Jones (LJ) interaction potential. The scattering behavior of the LJ-model is quite different from that of the previously used hard-sphere (HS) model: The HS-model has a symmetric dipole-type scattering lobe, whereas the scattering lobe of the LJ-model shows a strong forward scattering, due to the large cross sections for low energy collisions. The influence of this scattering behavior on the collisional loss frequency ν and the gain function fg=G/ν (with G being the gain rate) in the kinetic equation is considerable and may be roughly stated as follows: For the HS-model the loss rate is small but the collisional redistribution is very efficient, for the LJ-model the situation is reversed. The kinetics of thermalization controlled by the loss a...

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