Update of the fracture risk prediction tool FRAX: a systematic review of potential cohorts and analysis plan

[1]  W. Leslie,et al.  Diabetes and Osteoporosis: Part II, Clinical Management. , 2021, Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America.

[2]  Y. Fujita,et al.  Determinants of bone health in elderly Japanese men: study design and key findings of the Fujiwara-kyo Osteoporosis Risk in Men (FORMEN) cohort study , 2021, Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine.

[3]  E. Mayo-Wilson,et al.  The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews , 2021, BMJ.

[4]  J. Kanis,et al.  The effect on subsequent fracture risk of age, sex, and prior fracture site by recency of prior fracture , 2021, Osteoporosis International.

[5]  J. Manson,et al.  Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation, Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation, or a Strength-Training Exercise Program on Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults: The DO-HEALTH Randomized Clinical Trial. , 2020, JAMA.

[6]  S. Lamb,et al.  Screening and Intervention to Prevent Falls and Fractures in Older People. , 2020, The New England journal of medicine.

[7]  J. Manson,et al.  DO-HEALTH: Vitamin D3 - Omega3 - Home exercise - Healthy aging and longevity trial - Design of a multinational clinical trial on healthy aging among European seniors. , 2020, Contemporary clinical trials.

[8]  Maureen B. Fagan,et al.  A Randomized Trial of a Multifactorial Strategy to Prevent Serious Fall Injuries. , 2020, The New England journal of medicine.

[9]  J. Kanis,et al.  Adjusting conventional FRAX estimates of fracture probability according to the recency of sentinel fractures , 2020, Osteoporosis International.

[10]  S. Cummings,et al.  The risk of hip and non-vertebral fractures in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis update. , 2020, Bone.

[11]  Alejandro F. Frangi,et al.  The UK Biobank imaging enhancement of 100,000 participants: rationale, data collection, management and future directions , 2020, Nature Communications.

[12]  Brenda C T Kieboom,et al.  Objectives, design and main findings until 2020 from the Rotterdam Study , 2020, European Journal of Epidemiology.

[13]  K. Åkesson,et al.  Real-world effectiveness of osteoporosis treatment in the oldest old , 2020, Osteoporosis International.

[14]  J. Kanis,et al.  A decade of FRAX: how has it changed the management of osteoporosis? , 2020, Aging Clinical and Experimental Research.

[15]  D. Mellström,et al.  Grade 1 Vertebral Fractures Identified by Densitometric Lateral Spine Imaging Predict Incident Major Osteoporotic Fracture Independently of Clinical Risk Factors and Bone Mineral Density in Older Women , 2020, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[16]  P. Ebeling,et al.  Longitudinal associations between dietary inflammatory index and musculoskeletal health in community-dwelling older adults. , 2020, Clinical nutrition.

[17]  Qian Gao,et al.  Diabetes mellitus and risk of low-energy fracture: a meta-analysis , 2019, Aging Clinical and Experimental Research.

[18]  J. Kanis,et al.  Fracture prediction from self-reported falls in routine clinical practice: a registry-based cohort study , 2019, Osteoporosis International.

[19]  F. Rutters,et al.  The Effect of a Screening and Treatment Program for the Prevention of Fractures in Older Women: A Randomized Pragmatic Trial , 2019, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[20]  E. Hoogendijk,et al.  The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam: cohort update 2019 and additional data collections , 2019, European Journal of Epidemiology.

[21]  I. Reid,et al.  Anti‐fracture efficacy of zoledronate in subgroups of osteopenic postmenopausal women: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial , 2019, Journal of internal medicine.

[22]  J. Kanis,et al.  Extensive undertreatment of osteoporosis in older Swedish women , 2019, Osteoporosis International.

[23]  D. Kiel,et al.  Predictors of Imminent Risk of Nonvertebral Fracture in Older, High‐Risk Women: The Framingham Osteoporosis Study , 2019, JBMR plus.

[24]  F. Rivadeneira,et al.  Cohort profile: The OsteoLaus study. , 2019, International journal of epidemiology.

[25]  C. Cooper,et al.  Falls Predict Fractures Independently of FRAX Probability: A Meta‐Analysis of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study , 2017, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[26]  M. Leshno,et al.  Fracture Risk Assessment With FRAX Using Real-World Data in a Population-Based Cohort From Israel , 2018, American journal of epidemiology.

[27]  F. Rutters,et al.  Design of the SALT Osteoporosis Study: a randomised pragmatic trial, to study a primary care screening and treatment program for the prevention of fractures in women aged 65 years or older , 2017, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.

[28]  O. Franco,et al.  The Rotterdam Study: 2018 update on objectives, design and main results , 2017, European Journal of Epidemiology.

[29]  R. Lucas,et al.  Do we need bone mineral density to estimate osteoporotic fracture risk? A 10-year prospective multicentre validation study , 2017, RMD Open.

[30]  R. Heshmat,et al.  Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) programme: study protocol and design of musculoskeletal system and cognitive function (stage II) , 2017, BMJ Open.

[31]  Ø. Salvesen,et al.  Bone mineral density in patients with psoriatic arthritis: data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 3 , 2017, RMD Open.

[32]  E. Skovlund,et al.  Validation of FRAX and the impact of self-reported falls among elderly in a general population: the HUNT study, Norway , 2017, Osteoporosis International.

[33]  D. Mellström,et al.  Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Is Associated With Better Bone Microarchitecture But Lower Bone Material Strength and Poorer Physical Function in Elderly Women: A Population‐Based Study , 2017, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[34]  M. Lorentzon,et al.  Type 2 Diabetes and Risk of Hip Fractures and Non‐Skeletal Fall Injuries in the Elderly: A Study From the Fractures and Fall Injuries in the Elderly Cohort (FRAILCO) , 2017, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[35]  H. Menz,et al.  Cohort Randomised Controlled Trial of a Multifaceted Podiatry Intervention for the Prevention of Falls in Older People (The REFORM Trial) , 2017, PloS one.

[36]  Hossam M. Hammady,et al.  Rayyan—a web and mobile app for systematic reviews , 2016, Systematic Reviews.

[37]  R. Rizzoli,et al.  Low Lean Mass Predicts Incident Fractures Independently From FRAX: a Prospective Cohort Study of Recent Retirees , 2016, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[38]  C. Cooper,et al.  A systematic review of intervention thresholds based on FRAX , 2016, Archives of Osteoporosis.

[39]  Jacques P. Brown,et al.  A Meta‐Analysis of Trabecular Bone Score in Fracture Risk Prediction and Its Relationship to FRAX , 2016, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[40]  S. Norgren,et al.  Mortality Is Not Increased in Recombinant Human Growth Hormone-treated Patients When Adjusting for Birth Characteristics. , 2016, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[41]  Michael E. Miller,et al.  Effect of structured physical activity on prevention of serious fall injuries in adults aged 70-89: randomized clinical trial (LIFE Study) , 2016, British Medical Journal.

[42]  C. Cooper,et al.  Fracture experience among participants from the FROCAT study: what thresholding is appropriate using the FRAX tool? , 2016, Maturitas.

[43]  A. Nordström,et al.  Objectively measured physical activity is associated with parameters of bone in 70-year-old men and women. , 2015, Bone.

[44]  R. Heshmat,et al.  Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Programme, phase I (cardiovascular system) , 2015, BMJ Open.

[45]  J. Reginster,et al.  Quality of life and physical components linked to sarcopenia: The SarcoPhAge study , 2015, Experimental Gerontology.

[46]  M. Iki,et al.  Cohort Profile Cohort Profile : The Japanese Population-based Osteoporosis ( JPOS ) Cohort Study , 2015 .

[47]  P. Elliott,et al.  UK Biobank: An Open Access Resource for Identifying the Causes of a Wide Range of Complex Diseases of Middle and Old Age , 2015, PLoS medicine.

[48]  A. LaCroix,et al.  Impact of Femoral Neck and Lumbar Spine BMD Discordances on FRAX Probabilities in Women: A Meta-analysis of International Cohorts , 2014, Calcified Tissue International.

[49]  J. Kanis,et al.  Evaluation of the FRAX Model for Hip Fracture Predictions in the Population-based Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study (OSTPRE) , 2014, Calcified Tissue International.

[50]  Jian-Min Yuan,et al.  Protective Effects of Dietary Carotenoids on Risk of Hip Fracture in Men: The Singapore Chinese Health Study , 2014, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[51]  J. Manson,et al.  Women's Health Initiative Hormone Therapy Trials , 2014 .

[52]  Noriko Yoshimura,et al.  A Meta‐Analysis of the Association of Fracture Risk and Body Mass Index in Women , 2014, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[53]  Chunhua Shi.  Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals. , 2014, Orthopedic nursing.

[54]  D. Kiel,et al.  Repeat bone mineral density screening and prediction of hip and major osteoporotic fracture. , 2013, JAMA.

[55]  K. Hveem,et al.  COHORT PROFILE Cohort Profile : The HUNT Study , Norway , 2013 .

[56]  E. Steyerberg,et al.  Prognosis Research Strategy (PROGRESS) 3: Prognostic Model Research , 2013, PLoS medicine.

[57]  J. Griffith,et al.  Prevalence and risk factors of radiographic vertebral fractures in elderly Chinese men and women: results of Mr. OS (Hong Kong) and Ms. OS (Hong Kong) studies , 2013, Osteoporosis International.

[58]  J. Pasco,et al.  Cohort profile: Geelong Osteoporosis Study. , 2012, International journal of epidemiology.

[59]  J. Kanis,et al.  Type 2 diabetes and bone , 2012, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[60]  A. Díez-Pérez,et al.  FRAX® tool, the WHO algorithm to predict osteoporotic fractures: the first analysis of its discriminative and predictive ability in the Spanish FRIDEX cohort , 2012, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.

[61]  J. Kanis,et al.  FRAX underestimates fracture risk in patients with diabetes , 2012, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[62]  The OsteoLaus Cohort Study , 2012 .

[63]  D. Hans,et al.  The OsteoLaus Cohort Study , 2012, Osteologie.

[64]  J. Woo,et al.  Predictive values of calcaneal quantitative ultrasound and dual energy X ray absorptiometry for non-vertebral fracture in older men: results from the MrOS study (Hong Kong) , 2012, Osteoporosis International.

[65]  T. Peters,et al.  A pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening older women for the prevention of fractures: rationale, design and methods for the SCOOP study , 2012, Osteoporosis International.

[66]  J. Kanis,et al.  Pitfalls in the external validation of FRAX , 2012, Osteoporosis International.

[67]  M. Frost,et al.  Risk factors for fracture in elderly men: a population-based prospective study , 2012, Osteoporosis International.

[68]  J. Kanis,et al.  FRAX® with and without Bone Mineral Density , 2011, Calcified Tissue International.

[69]  A. Beekman,et al.  COHORT PROFILE Cohort Profile : The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam , 2011 .

[70]  C. Cooper,et al.  Interpretation and use of FRAX in clinical practice , 2011, Osteoporosis International.

[71]  S. Boonen,et al.  Official Positions for FRAX® clinical regarding falls and frailty: can falls and frailty be used in FRAX®? From Joint Official Positions Development Conference of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry and International Osteoporosis Foundation on FRAX®. , 2011, Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry.

[72]  P. Delmas,et al.  Cross‐sectional analysis of the association between fragility fractures and bone microarchitecture in older men: The STRAMBO study , 2011, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[73]  E. Vittinghoff,et al.  Association of BMD and FRAX score with risk of fracture in older adults with type 2 diabetes. , 2011, JAMA.

[74]  A. Díez-Pérez,et al.  Prediction of absolute risk of fragility fracture at 10 years in a Spanish population: validation of the WHO FRAX ™ tool in Spain , 2011, BMC musculoskeletal disorders.

[75]  P. Vestergaard,et al.  Are Antiresorptive Drugs Effective Against Fractures in Patients with Diabetes? , 2011, Calcified Tissue International.

[76]  W. Leslie,et al.  Fracture prediction and calibration of a Canadian FRAX® tool: a population-based report from CaMos , 2011, Osteoporosis International.

[77]  Eugene McCloskey,et al.  Independent clinical validation of a Canadian FRAX tool: Fracture prediction and model calibration , 2010, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[78]  G. Giles,et al.  Associations Between Dietary Nutrient Intake and Muscle Mass and Strength in Community‐Dwelling Older Adults: The Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort Study , 2010, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[79]  I. Redlund‐Johnell,et al.  Smoking predicts incident fractures in elderly men: Mr OS Sweden , 2009, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[80]  Y. Fujita,et al.  Design and baseline characteristics of a prospective cohort study for determinants of osteoporotic fracture in community-dwelling elderly Japanese men: the Fujiwara-kyo Osteoporosis Risk in Men (FORMEN) Study , 2009, BMC musculoskeletal disorders.

[81]  Carol Coupland,et al.  Predicting risk of osteoporotic fracture in men and women in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QFractureScores , 2009, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[82]  Jian-Min Yuan,et al.  Gender-specific associations between soy and risk of hip fracture in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. , 2009, American journal of epidemiology.

[83]  A. LaCroix,et al.  The Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Women (GLOW): rationale and study design , 2009, Osteoporosis International.

[84]  J. Kanis,et al.  Can fall risk be incorporated into fracture risk assessment algorithms: a pilot study of responsiveness to clodronate , 2009, Osteoporosis International.

[85]  Sarah E Lamb,et al.  Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. , 2009, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[86]  M. Krieg,et al.  Tibial or hip BMD predict clinical fracture risk equally well: results from a prospective study in 700 elderly Swiss women , 2009, Osteoporosis International.

[87]  N. D. Nguyen,et al.  Development of prognostic nomograms for individualizing 5-year and 10-year fracture risks , 2008, Osteoporosis International.

[88]  O. Johnell,et al.  FRAX™ and the assessment of fracture probability in men and women from the UK , 2008, Osteoporosis International.

[89]  V. Gudnason,et al.  Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study: multidisciplinary applied phenomics. , 2007, American journal of epidemiology.

[90]  N. D. Nguyen,et al.  Development of a nomogram for individualizing hip fracture risk in men and women , 2007, Osteoporosis International.

[91]  Jacques P. Brown,et al.  The use of clinical risk factors enhances the performance of BMD in the prediction of hip and osteoporotic fractures in men and women , 2007, Osteoporosis International.

[92]  John Brazier,et al.  Clodronate Reduces the Incidence of Fractures in Community‐Dwelling Elderly Women Unselected for Osteoporosis: Results of a Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Randomized Study , 2006, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[93]  O. Johnell,et al.  The predictive value of fracture, disease, and falling tendency for fragility fractures in women , 1989, Calcified Tissue International.

[94]  P. Vestergaard,et al.  Discrepancies in bone mineral density and fracture risk in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes—a meta-analysis , 2007, Osteoporosis International.

[95]  A. Díez-Pérez,et al.  Prediction of absolute risk of non-spinal fractures using clinical risk factors and heel quantitative ultrasound , 2007, Osteoporosis International.

[96]  R. Cumming,et al.  Influence of fall related factors and bone strength on fracture risk in the frail elderly , 2007, Osteoporosis International.

[97]  J. Pasco,et al.  Fracture Risk (FRISK) Score: Geelong Osteoporosis Study. , 2006, Radiology.

[98]  C. Cooper,et al.  A simple clinical score for estimating the long-term risk of fracture in post-menopausal women. , 2006, QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians.

[99]  A. Tiran,et al.  Type 2 diabetes mellitus in nursing home patients: effects on bone turnover, bone mass, and fracture risk. , 2006, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[100]  Florian Hartl,et al.  Prediction of Hip Fracture Risk by Quantitative Ultrasound in More Than 7000 Swiss Women ≥70 Years of Age: Comparison of Three Technologically Different Bone Ultrasound Devices in the SEMOF Study , 2006, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[101]  Vilmundur Gudnason,et al.  Increasing sex difference in bone strength in old age: The Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik study (AGES-REYKJAVIK). , 2006, Bone.

[102]  O. Johnell,et al.  Free Testosterone is an Independent Predictor of BMD and Prevalent Fractures in Elderly Men: MrOS Sweden , 2006, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[103]  D. Torgerson,et al.  Exploring the relationship between fear of falling and neuroticism: a cross-sectional study in community-dwelling women over 70. , 2006, Age and ageing.

[104]  D. Reid,et al.  Large‐Scale Population‐Based Study Shows No Evidence of Association Between Common Polymorphism of the VDR Gene and BMD in British Women , 2005, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[105]  B. Clarke,et al.  Hip Fracture in Women Without Osteoporosis , 2006 .

[106]  C. Cooper,et al.  Cohort profile: the Hertfordshire cohort study. , 2005, International journal of epidemiology.

[107]  S. Cummings,et al.  Design and baseline characteristics of the osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) study--a large observational study of the determinants of fracture in older men. , 2005, Contemporary clinical trials.

[108]  P. Cawthon,et al.  Overview of recruitment for the osteoporotic fractures in men study (MrOS). , 2005, Contemporary clinical trials.

[109]  P. Delmas,et al.  Bone mineral density predicts osteoporotic fractures in elderly men: the MINOS study , 2005, Osteoporosis International.

[110]  J. Woo,et al.  Bone mineral density and the risk of peripheral arterial disease in men and women: results from Mr. and Ms Os, Hong Kong , 2005, Osteoporosis International.

[111]  A. Silman,et al.  Predictive Value of BMD for Hip and Other Fractures , 2005, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[112]  H. Kroger,et al.  Body mass index as a predictor of fracture risk: A meta-analysis , 2005, Osteoporosis International.

[113]  J. Cauley,et al.  Hip fracture in women without osteoporosis. , 2005, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[114]  P. Gerdhem,et al.  Association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, physical activity, muscle strength and fractures in the prospective population-based OPRA Study of Elderly Women , 2005, Osteoporosis International.

[115]  W. Leslie,et al.  Construction and validation of a population-based bone densitometry database. , 2005, Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry.

[116]  R Nuti,et al.  Low BMD is less predictive than reported falls for future limb fractures in women across Europe: results from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study. , 2005, Bone.

[117]  M. Drezner,et al.  Recalculation of the NHANES Database SD Improves T‐Score Agreement and Reduces Osteoporosis Prevalence , 2004, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[118]  J. Eisman,et al.  Symptomatic fracture incidence in elderly men and women: The Dubbo osteoporosis epidemiology study (DOES) , 1994, Osteoporosis International.

[119]  Olof Johnell,et al.  Alcohol intake as a risk factor for fracture , 2005, Osteoporosis International.

[120]  L. Lix,et al.  A population-based study of osteoporosis testing and treatment following introduction of a new bone densitometry service , 2005, Osteoporosis International.

[121]  Eugene McCloskey,et al.  A meta-analysis of milk intake and fracture risk: low utility for case finding , 2005, Osteoporosis International.

[122]  H. Kroger,et al.  Smoking and fracture risk: a meta-analysis , 2005, Osteoporosis International.

[123]  O Johnell,et al.  A family history of fracture and fracture risk: a meta-analysis. , 2004, Bone.

[124]  O Johnell,et al.  A meta-analysis of previous fracture and subsequent fracture risk. , 2004, Bone.

[125]  Olof Johnell,et al.  A Meta‐Analysis of Prior Corticosteroid Use and Fracture Risk , 2004, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[126]  O. Johnell,et al.  Optimization of BMD Measurements to Identify High Risk Groups for Treatment—A Test Analysis , 2004, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[127]  Reinhard Barkmann,et al.  Association of Five Quantitative Ultrasound Devices and Bone Densitometry With Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures in a Population‐Based Sample: The OPUS Study , 2004, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[128]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Two to three years of hormone replacement treatment in healthy women have long-term preventive effects on bone mass and osteoporotic fractures: the PERF study. , 2004, Bone.

[129]  R. Francis,et al.  Randomized controlled trial of hip protectors among women living in the community , 2004, Osteoporosis International.

[130]  Robert Luben,et al.  Prediction of total and hip fracture risk in men and women by quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus: EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study , 2004, The Lancet.

[131]  R Don Gambrell,et al.  Women's Health Initiative , 2001 .

[132]  A. Hofman,et al.  Determinants of disease and disability in the elderly: The Rotterdam elderly study , 1991, European Journal of Epidemiology.

[133]  A. Hofman,et al.  Fracture incidence and association with bone mineral density in elderly men and women: the Rotterdam Study. , 2004, Bone.

[134]  A. Díez-Pérez,et al.  Discriminative Capacity of Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound and of Osteoporosis and Fracture Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporotic Fractures , 2004, Calcified Tissue International.

[135]  R. Cumming,et al.  Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people. , 2003, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[136]  Garnet L Anderson,et al.  The Women's Health Initiative recruitment methods and results. , 2003, Annals of epidemiology.

[137]  A. LaCroix,et al.  Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density: the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial. , 2003, JAMA.

[138]  Piet Geusens,et al.  Falls and Fractures in Postmenopausal Women: A Review , 2003, The journal of the British Menopause Society.

[139]  M. Fukunaga,et al.  Fracture Prediction From Bone Mineral Density in Japanese Men and Women , 2003, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[140]  W. O'Fallon,et al.  Relative Contributions of Bone Density, Bone Turnover, and Clinical Risk Factors to Long‐Term Fracture Prediction , 2003, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[141]  P. Delmas,et al.  Independent predictors of all osteoporosis-related fractures in healthy postmenopausal women: the OFELY study. , 2003, Bone.

[142]  T. Kasamatsu,et al.  Bone Loss at the Lumbar Spine and the Proximal Femur in a Rural Japanese Community, 1990–2000: The Miyama Study , 2002, Osteoporosis International.

[143]  A. Silman,et al.  Incidence of Limb Fracture across Europe: Results from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study (EPOS) , 2002, Osteoporosis International.

[144]  S. Kritchevsky,et al.  Leg Muscle Mass and Composition in Relation to Lower Extremity Performance in Men and Women Aged 70 to 79: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study , 2002, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[145]  J Dequeker,et al.  Incidence of Vertebral Fracture in Europe: Results From the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study (EPOS) , 2002, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[146]  M. Visser,et al.  Determinants of Bone Mineral Density in Older Men and Women: Body Composition as Mediator , 2001, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[147]  T. Masud,et al.  Epidemiology of falls. , 2001, Age and ageing.

[148]  P Geusens,et al.  Effect of risedronate on the risk of hip fracture in elderly women. Hip Intervention Program Study Group. , 2001, The New England journal of medicine.

[149]  H. K. Genant,et al.  Standardization of Bone Mineral Density at Femoral Neck, Trochanter and Ward’s Triangle , 2001, Osteoporosis International.

[150]  N. Day,et al.  EPIC-Norfolk: study design and characteristics of the cohort. European Prospective Investigation of Cancer. , 1999, British journal of cancer.

[151]  Jacques P. Brown,et al.  Research Notes: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos): Background, Rationale, Methods , 1999, Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement.

[152]  W. O'Fallon,et al.  Bone Density and Fracture Risk in Men , 1998, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[153]  A. Hofman,et al.  Hip Fracture Prediction in Elderly Men and Women: Validation in the Rotterdam Study , 1998, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[154]  O. Johnell,et al.  Bone Mineral Density Is a Predictor of Survival , 1998, Calcified Tissue International.

[155]  D. Hans,et al.  How Hip and Whole-Body Bone Mineral Density Predict Hip Fracture in Elderly Women: The EPIDOS Prospective Study , 1998, Osteoporosis International.

[156]  H. Wahner,et al.  Updated Data on Proximal Femur Bone Mineral Levels of US Adults , 1998, Osteoporosis International.

[157]  T. Walley,et al.  The UK General Practice Research Database , 1997, The Lancet.

[158]  G E Dallal,et al.  Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone density in men and women 65 years of age or older. , 1997, The New England journal of medicine.

[159]  K. Kodama,et al.  Risk Factors for Hip Fracture in a Japanese Cohort , 1997, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[160]  G. Breart,et al.  Fall-related factors and risk of hip fracture: the EPIDOS prospective study , 1996, The Lancet.

[161]  A. Silman,et al.  The prevalence of vertebral deformity in European men and women: The european vertebral osteoporosis study , 1996, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[162]  P. Delmas,et al.  Increased bone turnover in late postmenopausal women is a major determinant of osteoporosis , 1996, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[163]  R. Honkanen,et al.  Fractures and low axial bone density in perimenopausal women. , 1995, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[164]  S. Cummings,et al.  Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. , 1995, The New England journal of medicine.

[165]  P. Allhoff,et al.  The Framingham Offspring Study , 1991 .

[166]  Harry K. Genant,et al.  Appendicular Bone Density and Age Predict Hip Fracture in Women , 1990 .

[167]  H K Genant,et al.  Appendicular bone density and age predict hip fracture in women. The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. , 1990, JAMA.

[168]  N. Breslow,et al.  Statistical methods in cancer research. Volume II--The design and analysis of cohort studies. , 1987, IARC scientific publications.

[169]  A. Svanborg.  Seventy-year-old people in Gothenburg a population study in an industrialized Swedish city. II. General presentation of social and medical conditions. , 2009, Acta medica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[170]  W. Kannel,et al.  The Framingham Offspring Study. Design and preliminary data. , 1975, Preventive medicine.