A framework for scalable global IP-anycast (GIA)

This paper proposes GIA, a scalable architecture for global IP-anycast. Existing designs for providing IP-anycast must either globally distribute routes to individual anycast groups, or confine each anycast group to a pre-configured topological region. The first approach does not scale because of excessive growth in the routing tables, whereas the second one severely limits the utility of the service. Our design scales by dividing inter-domain anycast routing into two components. The first component builds inexpensive default anycast routes that consume no bandwidth or storage space. The second component, controlled by the edge domains, generates enhanced anycast routes that are customized according to the beneficiary domain's interests. We evaluate the performance of our design using simulation, and prove its practicality by implementing it in the Multi-threaded Routing Toolkit.

[1]  William C. Fenner.  Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 2 , 1997, RFC.

[2]  Paul Francis,et al.  Pip Near-term Architecture , 1994, RFC.

[3]  Peter A. Dinda,et al.  Performance characteristics of mirror servers on the Internet , 1999, IEEE INFOCOM '99. Conference on Computer Communications. Proceedings. Eighteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. The Future is Now (Cat. No.99CH36320).

[4]  Dina Katabi,et al.  The use of IP-anycast to construct efficient multicast trees , 1998 .

[5]  Thomas Narten,et al.  Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6) , 1996, RFC.

[6]  Srinivasan Seshan,et al.  SPAND: Shared Passive Network Performance Discovery , 1997, USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems.

[7]  Dave Katz,et al.  IP Router Alert Option , 1997, RFC.

[8]  Ellen W. Zegura,et al.  Application-layer anycasting , 1997, Proceedings of INFOCOM '97.

[9]  Craig Partridge,et al.  Host Anycasting Service , 1993, RFC.

[10]  Vince Fuller,et al.  Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR): an Address Assignment and Aggregation Strategy , 1993, RFC.

[11]  Margo I. Seltzer,et al.  World Wide Web Cache Consistency , 1996, USENIX Annual Technical Conference.

[12]  Alec Wolman,et al.  Organization-Based Analysis of Web-Object Sharing and Caching , 1999, USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems.

[13]  Robert M. Hinden.  Simple Internet Protocol Plus White Paper , 1994, RFC.

[14]  Yakov Rekhter,et al.  A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4) , 1994, RFC.

[15]  Farnam Jahanian,et al.  Internet routing instability , 1997, SIGCOMM '97.

[16]  Michalis Faloutsos,et al.  On power-law relationships of the Internet topology , 1999, SIGCOMM '99.

[17]  Ramesh Govindan,et al.  An analysis of Internet inter-domain topology and route stability , 1997, Proceedings of INFOCOM '97.