Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Oximes Derived from O‐Benzylhydroxylamine as FabH Inhibitors

Forty‐three oxime derivatives were synthesized by allowing O‐benzylhydroxylamines to react with primary benzaldehydes or salicylaldehydes; these products were gauged as potential inhibitors of β‐ketoacyl‐(acyl‐carrier‐protein) synthase III (FabH). Among the 43 compounds, 38 are reported herein for the first time. These compounds were assayed for antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. Compounds with prominent antibacterial activities were tested for their E. coli FabH inhibitory activities. 3‐((2,4‐Dichlorobenzyloxyimino)methyl)benzaldehyde O‐2,4‐dichlorobenzyl oxime (44) showed the best antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 3.13–6.25 μg mL−1 against the tested bacterial strains, exhibiting the best E. coli FabH inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 1.7 mM. Docking simulations were performed to position compound 44 into the E. coli FabH active site in order to determine the most probable binding conformation.

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