Mediterranean Diet Reduces Serum Advanced Glycation End Products and Increases Antioxidant Defenses in Elderly Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

frail participant had at least one adverse outcome, although having one of these adverse conditions did not necessarily confer frailty, even in these extremely old adults. Furthermore, 90.9% of participants were nonfrail or prefrail or had one or a combination of comorbidity, disability, or poor SRH, indicating that there is much heterogeneity in frailty status among near-centenarians and centenarians. These findings underscore the importance of frailty screening for these exceptional survivors, because their frailty status may lead healthcare professionals to discover multiple underlying health and psychosocial problems. Interventions such as resistance and aerobic exercises, caloric and protein support, dietary supplementation, and reduction of polypharmacy may slow or even reverse the progression of frailty. Programs based on the principles of traditional Chinese medicine, such as qigong and tai chi, have also attained preliminary success in improving disability, mobility, and handgrip strength and reducing falls. Multidimensional programs, knitting exercises, dietary supplementation, and psychosocial intervention together may ultimately help promote autonomy and participation in family and social roles, adding life to years. This is the first study to report the prevalence of overlap of frailty, comorbidity, disability, and poor SRH in community-dwelling near-centenarians and centenarians. The findings show that frailty status may indicate deficits in multiple dimensions of health in these very old adults. It was also found that a significant proportion of community-dwelling near-centenarians and centenarians were not frail, suggesting that frailty could be avoided, or even reversed, even in the tenth decade of life.