Review of Current NDE Technologies for Post-Earthquake Assessment of Retrofitted Bridge Columns

The major objective of this report is to evaluate various nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDE) technologies for use on bridge columns that have been retrofitted with FRP-type jackets. Suitable and/or potentially suitable techniques for practical applications are identified, and promising techniques that could benefit from additional research prior to use in engineering applications are assessed. For each technology, the inherent physical principles and application characteristics are analyzed and their advantages and disadvantages are compared to determine whether each method could be used to detect damage and defects in the jacketed bridge columns. The most promising NDE methods are identified and corresponding application procedures are then presented. This report focuses solely on the application of NDE technologies to bridge columns, and therefore, recommendations and conclusions may differ from those discovered for other applications.

[1]  R. Zoughi,et al.  Near-Field Microwave Detection of Disbond in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites Used for Strengthening Cement-Based Structures and Disbond Repair Verification , 2004 .

[2]  Wei Wang,et al.  Concrete columns confined by fiber composite wraps under combined axial and cyclic lateral loads , 2002 .

[3]  H. R. Hamilton,et al.  Nondestructive Evaluation of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Concrete Bond Using Infrared Thermography , 2003 .

[4]  Darby J. Luscher,et al.  MODAL PARAMETER EXTRACTION OF Z24 BRIDGE DATA. , 2000 .

[5]  Maria Q. Feng,et al.  Baseline Models for Bridge Performance Monitoring , 2004 .

[6]  Franco De Flaviis,et al.  MICROWAVE-BASED NDE OF FRP-JACKETED CONCRETE STRUCTURES , 2001 .

[7]  C. R. Farrar,et al.  Statistical damage identification techniques applied to the I-40 bridge over the Rio Grande River , 1998 .

[8]  Maria Q. Feng,et al.  Application of electromagnetic waves in damage detection of concrete structures , 2000, Smart Structures.

[9]  Charles R. Farrar,et al.  Structural Health Monitoring Studies of the Alamosa Canyon and I-40 Bridges , 2000 .

[10]  Amir Mirmiran,et al.  BONDED REPAIR AND RETROFIT OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES USING FRP COMPOSITES: RECOMMENDED CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS AND PROCESS CONTROL MANUAL , 2004 .

[11]  M. Sansalone,et al.  Impact-echo response of concrete shafts , 1991 .

[12]  F. De Flaviis,et al.  Microwave reflection tomographic array for damage detection of civil structures , 2003 .

[14]  Z. Liang,et al.  Damping of Structures - Part 1: Theory of Complex Damping , 1991 .

[15]  Charles R. Farrar,et al.  Comparative study of damage identification algorithms applied to a bridge: II. Numerical study , 1998 .

[16]  Eben Vey,et al.  Caisson Evaluation by Stress Wave Propagation Method , 1975 .

[17]  Maria Q. Feng,et al.  DAMAGE ASSESSMENT OF JACKETED RC COLUMNS USING VIBRATION TESTS , 1999 .

[18]  Y H Li,et al.  A Study on the Shear-Failure of Circular Sectioned Bridge Column Retrofitted by Using CFRP Jacketing , 2001 .

[19]  J. Nokes,et al.  NDE of composite seismic retrofits to bridges , 2008 .

[20]  M. Q. Feng,et al.  Identification of a Dynamic System Using Ambient Vibration Measurements , 1998 .

[21]  Filippo Bastianini,et al.  Ultrasonic non-destructive assessment of bonding defects in composite structural strengthenings , 2001 .

[22]  Kypros Pilakoutas,et al.  Concrete beams with externally bonded flexural FRP-reinforcement: analytical investigation of debonding failure , 2003 .

[23]  Mary Sansalone,et al.  IMPACT-ECHO STUDIES OF INTERFACIAL BOND QUALITY IN CONCRETE: PART II--EFFECTS OF BOND TENSILE STRENGTH , 1996 .

[24]  Mary Sansalone Impact-Echo: The Complete Story , 1997 .

[25]  Vistasp M. Karbhari,et al.  Field exposure based durability assessment of FRP column wrap systems , 2003 .

[26]  T. Kundu,et al.  C-scan and L-scan generated images of the concrete/GFRP composite interface , 1999 .

[27]  Hamid Saadatmanesh,et al.  Seismic Strengthening of Circular Bridge Pier Models with Fiber Composites , 1996 .

[28]  Nicholas J. Carino,et al.  The Impact-Echo Method: An Overview , 2001 .

[29]  M. Forde,et al.  Review of NDT methods in the assessment of concrete and masonry structures , 2001 .

[30]  Hoon Sohn,et al.  An experimental study of temperature effect on modal parameters of the Alamosa Canyon Bridge , 1999 .

[31]  Asif Usmani,et al.  Accuracy of NDE in bridge assessment , 1998 .

[32]  Charles R. Farrar,et al.  Computation of structural flexibility for bridge health monitoring using ambient modal data , 1996 .

[33]  Kevin L. Rens,et al.  Review of nondestructive evaluation techniques of civil infrastructure , 1999 .

[34]  Mary Sansalone,et al.  Impact-Echo Studies of Interfacial Bond Quality inConcrete: Part l-Effects of Unbonded Fraction of Area , 1996 .

[35]  Joseph P. Nicoletti,et al.  Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges , 1996 .

[36]  Charles R. Farrar,et al.  A statistical comparison of impact and ambient testing results from the Alamosa Canyon Bridge , 1996 .

[37]  R. Zoughi,et al.  MICROWAVE FIELD MEASUREMENT OF DELAMINATIONS IN CFRP CONCRETE MEMBERS IN A BRIDGE , 2004 .

[38]  John S. Popovics,et al.  NDE techniques for concrete and masonry structures , 2003 .

[39]  Charles R. Farrar,et al.  Damage identification and health monitoring of structural and mechanical systems from changes in their vibration characteristics: A literature review , 1996 .

[40]  Richard Sause,et al.  Axial Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Columns Confined with FRP Jackets , 2001 .

[41]  M. Saiid Saiidi,et al.  Assessment of Steel and Fiber Reinforced Plastic Jackets for Seismic Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Columns with Structural Flares , 2004 .

[42]  Nicholas J. Carino,et al.  Detecting Delaminations in Concrete Slabs With and Without Overlays Using the Impact-Echo Method , 1989 .

[43]  Habib Tabatabai,et al.  NONDESTRUCTIVE METHODS FOR CONDITION EVALUATION OF PRESTRESSING STEEL STRANDS IN CONCRETE BRIDGES. FINAL REPORT PHASE I: TECHNOLOGY REVIEW , 1999 .

[44]  Charles R. Farrar,et al.  An overview of modal-based damage identification methods , 1997 .

[45]  Hoon Sohn,et al.  Bayesian probabilistic damage detection of a reinforced-concrete bridge column , 2000 .

[46]  Glenn Washer,et al.  Developments for the non-destructive evaluation of highway bridges in the USA , 1998 .

[47]  C. R. Farrar,et al.  Lessons learned from applications of vibration-based damage identification methods to a large bridge structure , 1997 .

[48]  Roderick K. Stanley,et al.  Nondestructive Evaluation: A Tool in Design, Manufacturing and Service , 2018 .

[49]  Vistasp M Karbhari,et al.  Quality and Monitoring of Structural Rehabilitation Measures. Part 1: Description of Potential Defects , 2001 .

[50]  Vistasp M Karbhari,et al.  Quality and Monitoring of Structural Rehabilitation Measures. Part 2: Review and Assessment of Non-destructive Testing (NDT) Techniques , 2002 .

[51]  Antonio Nanni,et al.  Experimental Non-Destructive Testing of FRP Materials, Installation, and Performance, Dallas County Bridge, Missouri, USA , 2004 .

[52]  Frieder Seible,et al.  Use of FRP composites in civil structural applications , 2003 .

[54]  Larry D. Olson,et al.  Advanced NDT methods for evaluating concrete bridges and other structures , 1995 .

[55]  Glenn Washer DEVELOPING NDE TECHNOLOGIES FOR INFRASTRUCTURE ASSESSMENT , 2000 .

[56]  Nicholas J. Carino,et al.  Preliminary Thermography Studies for Quality Control of Concrete Structures Strengthened with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites , 2003 .

[57]  S Alampalli,et al.  FEASIBILITY OF EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC (FRP) WRAPPED REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS USING GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (GPR) AND INFRARED (IR) THERMOGRAPHY TECHNIQUES , 2000 .

[58]  Peng Feng,et al.  Experimental study on seismic strengthening of RC columns with wrapped CFRP sheets , 2003 .

[59]  Raymond A Hartle,et al.  Bridge Inspector's Training Manual/90 , 1995 .

[60]  Silvia Santini,et al.  Design of FRP jackets for upgrade of circular bridge piers , 2001 .

[61]  G. Monti SEISMIC UPGRADE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS WITH FRP , 2003 .

[62]  B. Tang FRP COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY BRINGS ADVANTAGES TO THE AMERICAN BRIDGE BUILDING INDUSTRY , 2004 .

[63]  C. Farrar,et al.  Effects of measurement statistics on the detection of damage in the Alamosa Canyon Bridge , 1996 .

[64]  Peter C. Chang,et al.  Recent Research in Nondestructive Evaluation of Civil Infrastructures , 2003 .

[65]  M. Leeming,et al.  Strengthening of reinforced concrete structures : using externally-bonded FRP composites in structural and civil engineering , 1999 .

[66]  John J. Myers,et al.  Nondestructive Testing of Dallas County Bridge in Missouri, USA , 2004 .

[67]  F. Seible,et al.  Seismic Retrofit of RC Columns with Continuous Carbon Fiber Jackets , 1997 .

[68]  Charles R. Farrar,et al.  Excitation Methods for Bridge Structures , 1999 .

[69]  Kevin L. Rens,et al.  Bridge Management and Nondestructive Evaluation , 2005 .

[70]  Benjamin A. Graybeal,et al.  Visual Inspection of Highway Bridges , 2002 .

[71]  Chris P. Pantelides,et al.  Development of a Specification for Bridge Seismic Retrofit with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites , 2004 .

[72]  Sungjoong Kim,et al.  Behavior of High-Strength Concrete Columns , 2007 .

[73]  Maria Q. Feng,et al.  Microwave Subsurface Imaging Technology for Damage Detection , 2004 .

[74]  Masanobu Shinozuka,et al.  ELECTROMAGNETIC IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION FOR DAMAGE DETECTION , 2000 .

[75]  Charles R. Farrar,et al.  Comparative study of damage identification algorithms applied to a bridge: I. Experiment , 1998 .

[76]  John T. DeWolf,et al.  Experimental Study of Bridge Monitoring Technique , 1990 .

[77]  Amjad J. Aref,et al.  Use of FRPs for Bridge Components and Methods of Performance Evaluation , 2001 .

[78]  Maria Q. Feng,et al.  Experimental Investigation of Seismic Repair and Retrofit of Bridge Columns by Composite Jackets , 2001 .

[80]  M. Feng,et al.  Use of Microwaves for Damage Detection of Fiber Reinforced Polymer-Wrapped Concrete Structures , 2002 .

[81]  Antonio Nanni,et al.  Microwave detection of delaminations between fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite and hardened cement paste , 2002 .

[82]  Gui-rong Liu,et al.  Computational Inverse Techniques in Nondestructive Evaluation , 2003 .