Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing Detection of Mercury and Lead Ions Based on Conducting Polymer Composite

A new sensing area for a sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was fabricated to detect trace amounts of mercury and lead ions. The gold surface used for SPR measurements were modified with polypyrrole-chitosan (PPy-CHI) conducting polymer composite. The polymer layer was deposited on the gold surface by electrodeposition. This optical sensor was used for monitoring toxic metal ions with and without sensitivity enhancement by chitosan in water samples. The higher amounts of resonance angle unit (ΔRU) were obtained for PPy-CHI film due to a specific binding of chitosan with Pb2+ and Hg2+ ions. The Pb2+ ion bind to the polymer films most strongly, and the sensor was more sensitive to Pb2+ compared to Hg2+. The concentrations of ions in the parts per million range produced the changes in the SPR angle minimum in the region of 0.03 to 0.07. Data analysis was done by Matlab software using Fresnel formula for multilayer system.

[1]  Mahnaz M. Abdi,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of a new conducting polymer composite , 2010 .

[2]  C. M. Pettit,et al.  Surface plasmon resonance transients at an electrochemical interface: time resolved measurements using a bicell photodiode , 2003 .

[3]  F. J. Holler,et al.  Principles of Instrumental Analysis , 1973 .

[4]  Stephan W Koch,et al.  Introduction to semiconductor optics , 1993 .

[5]  Lauro T. Kubota,et al.  Investigations of ultrathin polypyrrole films: Formation and effects of doping/dedoping processes on its optical properties by electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (ESPR) , 2006 .

[6]  B. Neto,et al.  Free-grown polypyrrole thin films as aroma sensors , 2003 .

[7]  Bin Liu,et al.  Colloidal gold probe-based immunochromatographic assay for the rapid detection of lead ions in water samples. , 2010, Environmental pollution.

[8]  J. Pearce.  Burton’s Line in Lead Poisoning , 2006, European Neurology.

[9]  Xuanjun Zhang,et al.  Adsorption behavior of humic acid onto polypyrrole-coated nylon 6,6 granules , 2002 .

[10]  J. Pate.  Introduction to Optics , 1937, Nature.

[11]  R. Schasfoort,et al.  Handbook of surface plasmon resonance , 2008 .

[12]  Mahnaz M. Abdi,et al.  Physical, optical, and electrical properties of a new conducting polymer , 2009 .

[13]  D. Y. Kim,et al.  Blue light emitting polymers , 2000 .

[14]  A. Hillman,et al.  Spectroelectrochemical characterisation of copper salen-based polymer-modified electrodes , 2005 .

[15]  Saifuddin M. Nomanbhay,et al.  Removal of heavy metal from industrial wastewater using chitosan coated oil palm shell charcoal , 2005 .

[16]  E. Lai,et al.  Surface plasmon resonance sensor for Hg(II) detection by binding interactions with polypyrrole and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole , 2004 .

[17]  M. K. Andrews,et al.  Conducting polymer sensors for monitoring aromatic hydrocarbons using an electronic nose , 2002 .

[18]  D. J. Parikh,et al.  Essential Heavy Metals in Environmental Samples from Western India , 2004, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[19]  Yanju Wang,et al.  Studies of metal ion binding by apo-metallothioneins attached onto preformed self-assembled monolayers using a highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance spectrometer. , 2007, Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical.