The ARGO-Oxygen Program - A white paper to promote the addition of oxygen sensors to the international Argo float program

1. Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 2. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA. 3. School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. 4. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, Mont-Joli, Québec, Canada 5. Institute of Observational Research for Global Change and Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan 6. Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften at the University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany 7. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA, USA. 8. Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Monterey, CA, USA. 9. Departamento de Oceanografía & Centro de Investigación Oceanográfica, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.

[1]  R. Keeling,et al.  Mean annual cycle of the air‐sea oxygen flux: A global view , 2000 .

[2]  John Gould,et al.  Argo profiling floats bring new era of in situ ocean observations , 2004 .

[3]  A. Hirst,et al.  Changes in dissolved oxygen in the Southern Ocean with climate change , 2000 .

[4]  L. A. Anderson,et al.  Global ocean phosphate and oxygen simulations , 1995 .

[5]  C. Benitez‐Nelson,et al.  A time-series study of particulate matter export in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre based on 234Th : 238U disequilibrium , 2001 .

[6]  Ralph F. Keeling,et al.  THE CHANGE IN OCEANIC 02 INVENTORY ASSOCIATED WITH RECENT GLOBAL WARMING , 2022 .

[7]  O. Ulloa,et al.  Warming and circulation change in the eastern South Pacific Ocean , 2000 .

[8]  Patrick F. Cummins,et al.  Argo : A new tool for environmental monitoring and assessment of the world's oceans, an example from the N. E. Pacific , 2005 .

[9]  C. D. Keeling,et al.  Seasonal and long‐term dynamics of the upper ocean carbon cycle at Station ALOHA near Hawaii , 2004 .

[10]  R. Keeling,et al.  TRANSPORT OF HEAT, CO2 AND O2 BY THE ATLANTIC'S THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION , 1995 .

[11]  R. Slater,et al.  Possible biological or physical explanations for decadal scale trends in North Pacific nutrient concentrations and oxygen utilization , 2001 .

[12]  W. Spitzer.  Rates of vertical mixing, gas exchange, and new production : estimates from seasonal gas cycles in the upper ocean near Bermuda , 1989 .

[13]  Johannes Karstensen,et al.  Age determination of mixed water masses using CFC and oxygen data , 1998 .

[14]  Y. Watanabe,et al.  Probability of a reduction in the formation rate of the subsurface water in the North Pacific during the 1980s and 1990s , 2001 .

[15]  H. Ducklow,et al.  Annual flux of dissolved organic carbon from the euphotic zone in the northwestern Sargasso Sea , 1994, Nature.

[16]  J. Holfort,et al.  Meridional transport of dissolved inorganic carbon in the South Atlantic Ocean , 1998 .

[17]  G. Johnson,et al.  Decadal water mass variations along 20°W in the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean , 2007 .

[18]  R. Service.  New Dead Zone Off Oregon Coast Hints at Sea Change in Currents , 2004, Science.

[19]  Stefan Sommer,et al.  Evaluation of a lifetime‐based optode to measure oxygen in aquatic systems , 2006 .

[20]  T. Ono,et al.  Temporal Trends in Apparent Oxygen Utilization in the Upper Pycnocline of the North Pacific: 1980–2000 , 2004 .

[21]  R WOLF,et al.  Continuous recording of blood oxygen tensions by polarography. , 1953, Journal of applied physiology.

[22]  M. Tomczak,et al.  Detecting changes in Labrador Sea Water through a water mass analysis of BATS data , 2005 .

[23]  S. Watanabe,et al.  Temporal changes in dissolved oxygen of the intermediate water in the subarctic North Pacific , 2002 .

[24]  N. Mahowald,et al.  Inverse methods in global biogeochemical cycles , 2000 .

[25]  C. Deutsch,et al.  Physical-biological interactions in North Pacific oxygen variability , 2006 .

[26]  D. Stephenson,et al.  Granger Causality of Coupled Climate Processes: Ocean Feedback on the North Atlantic Oscillation , 2006 .

[27]  S. Doney,et al.  Climatic variability in upper ocean ventilation rates diagnosed using chlorofluorocarbons , 1998 .

[28]  P. Quay,et al.  Surface layer carbon budget for the subtropical N , 2003 .

[29]  Kenneth S Johnson,et al.  Chemical sensor networks for the aquatic environment. , 2007, Chemical reviews.

[30]  A. Manning,et al.  Global oceanic and land biotic carbon sinks from the Scripps atmospheric oxygen flask sampling network , 2006 .

[31]  Martin Heimann,et al.  Global and hemispheric CO2 sinks deduced from changes in atmospheric O2 concentration , 1996, Nature.

[32]  M. Gloor,et al.  Air‐sea flux of oxygen estimated from bulk data: Implications For the marine and atmospheric oxygen cycles , 2001 .

[33]  D. Wallace,et al.  Tracer Based Inferences of New Primary Production in the Sea , 1992 .

[34]  T. Saino,et al.  Temporal increases of phosphate and apparent oxygen utilization in the subsurface waters of western subarctic Pacific from 1968 to 1998 , 2001 .

[35]  H. Garcia,et al.  Decadal-scale chemical variability in the subtropical North Atlantic deduced from nutrient and oxygen data , 1998 .

[36]  S. Doney,et al.  A modeling study of the seasonal oxygen budget of the global ocean , 2007 .

[37]  David S. Fox,et al.  Upwelling-driven nearshore hypoxia signals ecosystem and oceanographic changes in the northeast Pacific , 2004, Nature.

[38]  Timothy P. Boyer,et al.  Warming of the world ocean, 1955–2003 , 2005 .

[39]  T. Stocker,et al.  An improved method for detecting anthropogenic CO2 in the oceans , 1996 .

[40]  R. Keeling,et al.  Analysis of the mean annual cycle of the dissolved oxygen anomaly in the World Ocean , 1997 .

[41]  Arne Körtzinger,et al.  High Quality Oxygen Measurements from Profiling Floats: A Promising New Technique , 2005 .

[42]  Two decades of ocean CO2 sink and variability , 2003 .

[43]  F. Joos,et al.  Revision of the global carbon budget due to changing air‐sea oxygen fluxes , 2002 .

[44]  C. D. Keeling,et al.  Carbon-13 constraints on the seasonal inorganic carbon budget at the BATS site in the northwestern Sargasso Sea , 1998 .

[45]  A. Körtzinger.  Oceanic oxygen - the oceanographer's canary bird of climate change , 2006 .

[46]  F. Joos,et al.  Trends in marine dissolved oxygen: Implications for ocean circulation changes and the carbon budget , 2003 .

[47]  A. Manning,et al.  Atmospheric potential oxygen: New observations and their implications for some atmospheric and oceanic models , 2006 .

[48]  A. Hirst,et al.  Long‐term changes in dissolved oxygen concentrations in the ocean caused by protracted global warming , 2003 .

[49]  F. Nansen,et al.  The Norwegian Sea : its physical oceanography based upon the Norwegian researches 1900-1904 , 1910 .

[50]  H. Bryden,et al.  Decadal Changes in the South Indian Ocean Thermocline , 2005 .

[51]  C. Deutsch,et al.  Fingerprints of climate change in North Pacific oxygen , 2005 .

[52]  D. Gilbert,et al.  A seventy‐two‐year record of diminishing deep‐water oxygen in the St. Lawrence estuary: The northwest Atlantic connection , 2005 .

[53]  Scott C. Doney,et al.  Seasonal variations in the atmospheric O2/N2 ratio in relation to the kinetics of air‐sea gas exchange , 1998 .

[54]  M. Heimann,et al.  Testing global ocean carbon cycle models using measurements of atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentration , 1998 .

[55]  S. Emerson,et al.  Constraining bubble dynamics and mixing with dissolved gases: Implications for productivity measurements by oxygen mass balance , 2006 .

[56]  F. A. Richards,et al.  The influence of organisms on the composition of sea-water , 1963 .

[57]  A. Körtzinger,et al.  The Ocean Takes a Deep Breath , 2004, Science.

[58]  C. Wunsch,et al.  Oceanic nutrient and oxygen transports and bounds on export production during the World Ocean Circulation Experiment , 2002 .

[59]  Walker O. Smith,et al.  Temperature effects on export production in the open ocean , 2000 .