Path Self-Deployment Algorithm of Three-Dimensional Space in Directional Sensor Networks

Contrast to the two-dimensional directional sensor networks, the three-dimensional directional sensor networks increases complexity and diversity. External environment and sensor limitations impact the target monitoring and coverage. Adjustment strategies provide better auxiliary guide in the process of self-deployment, while strengthen the monitoring area coverage rate and monitoring capability of sensor nodes. We propose a path self-deployment algorithm TPSA (Three-dimension Path Self-Deployment Algorithm) based on above issues. The concept of virtual force extends from two-dimensional to three-dimensional, includes target path control. The node gets locational information about monitoring target and target path in the initialization, calculates the virtual force of them, finally obtains the next movement location and direction. We analyse the process of self-deployment of both static and polymorphic nodes. The simulation results verify the proposed algorithm enables better node control in the deployment process, and improves the efficiency of the sensor node deployment.