4D printing applications in medical field: A brief review

Abstract Background/objectives There are promising applications of 4D printing in the medical field. The need is to identify the research status and explore where this new set of technologies effectively can be deployed. Methods Research articles till September 2018 are searched from Scopus by keywords as "4D printing" and "4D printing""medical" and undertaken a bibliometric analysis of the identified papers. Further relevant papers were studied for application in the medical field. Results Search through Scopus identified 171 research articles on 4D printing and 13 research articles on 4D printing in the medical field. This study states that 4D printing is the latest technology that creates innovation and addresses complex medical problems. Paper briefly describes the 4D printing and details its difference from 3D printing technology. We have identified five steps to be used to create a medical model by using this technology and its prospective implementation for medical applications. Identified that research is carried out on 4D printing, but decidedly less publication is available in the medical field reporting the application of this technology. Finally, we have identified nine significant applications of 4D printing in the medical field. The main limitation is that it requires extensive investment & support for transformation. Conclusions 4D printing is to provide benefits to medical practitioners especially in the areas not covered by 3D printing technologies. 4D printing helps to create a 3D physical object by adding smart material layer by layer through computer-operated computer-aided design (CAD) data. It adds a dimension of transformation over time where printed products are sensitive to parameters like temperature, humidity, time etc. This technology can provide extensive support in the medical field, especially with better and smart medical implants, tools and devices. Now doctors and researchers can explore with 4D printing technology to provide better service to the patient.

[1]  Shally Awasthi,et al.  Developing effective health communication messages for community acquired pneumonia in children under five years of age: A rural North Indian qualitative study , 2017 .

[2]  Michael P. Chae,et al.  Four-Dimensional (4D) Printing: A New Evolution in Computed Tomography-Guided Stereolithographic Modeling. Principles and Application , 2015, Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery.

[3]  Wei-Hsin Liao,et al.  Triple shape memory polymers by 4D printing , 2018 .

[4]  Charlie C. L. Wang,et al.  Four-Dimensional Printing for Freeform Surfaces: Design Optimization of Origami and Kirigami Structures , 2015 .

[5]  Elisabetta A. Matsumoto,et al.  Biomimetic 4D printing. , 2016, Nature materials.

[6]  Shir Shapira,et al.  4D Printing of Shape Memory-Based Personalized Endoluminal Medical Devices. , 2017, Macromolecular rapid communications.

[7]  Mohd Javaid,et al.  Additive manufacturing applications in orthopaedics: A review. , 2018, Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma.

[8]  Joseph J. Vettukattil,et al.  Integration of Computed Tomography and Three-Dimensional Echocardiography for Hybrid Three-Dimensional Printing in Congenital Heart Disease , 2016, Journal of Digital Imaging.

[9]  M. Javaid,et al.  4D printing and its applications in Orthopaedics. , 2018, Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma.

[10]  Mohd Javaid,et al.  3D scanning applications in medical field: A literature-based review , 2018, Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.

[11]  Wei Zhu,et al.  4D printing smart biomedical scaffolds with novel soybean oil epoxidized acrylate , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[12]  Sanjeet Hegde,et al.  Improving the Fontan: Pre-surgical planning using four dimensional (4D) flow, bio-mechanical modeling and three dimensional (3D) printing , 2016 .

[13]  Mohd Javaid,et al.  Current status and applications of 3D scanning in dentistry , 2018, Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.

[14]  Dietmar W. Hutmacher,et al.  Current developments in multifunctional smart materials for 3D/4D bioprinting , 2017 .

[15]  Yanju Liu,et al.  Direct-Write Fabrication of 4D Active Shape-Changing Structures Based on a Shape Memory Polymer and Its Nanocomposite. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[16]  R. Trask,et al.  4D sequential actuation: combining ionoprinting and redox chemistry in hydrogels , 2016 .

[17]  Chee Kai Chua,et al.  Two-Way 4D Printing: A Review on the Reversibility of 3D-Printed Shape Memory Materials , 2017 .

[18]  Chao Yuan,et al.  Direct 4D printing via active composite materials , 2017, Science Advances.

[19]  Lorenzo Moroni,et al.  Towards 4D printed scaffolds for tissue engineering: exploiting 3D shape memory polymers to deliver time-controlled stimulus on cultured cells , 2017, Biofabrication.

[20]  Jun Ni,et al.  A review of 4D printing , 2017 .

[21]  Mohd Javaid,et al.  Product Design and Development using Polyjet Rapid Prototyping Technology , 2015 .

[22]  Jizhou Song,et al.  Ultrafast Digital Printing toward 4D Shape Changing Materials , 2017, Advanced materials.

[23]  Mika Salmi,et al.  Patient‐specific reconstruction with 3D modeling and DMLS additive manufacturing , 2012 .

[24]  Wei Huang,et al.  4D printing of shape memory polyurethane via stereolithography , 2018 .

[25]  Feng Xu,et al.  4D Bioprinting for Biomedical Applications. , 2016, Trends in biotechnology.

[26]  ChoiJin,et al.  4D Printing Technology: A Review , 2015 .

[27]  Amir Hosein Sakhaei,et al.  Multimaterial 4D Printing with Tailorable Shape Memory Polymers , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[28]  Shannon E Bakarich,et al.  4D Printing with Mechanically Robust, Thermally Actuating Hydrogels. , 2015, Macromolecular rapid communications.

[29]  Christophe A. Marquette,et al.  3D–4D Printed Objects: New Bioactive Material Opportunities , 2017, Micromachines.

[30]  Jiangtao Wu,et al.  3D Printing of Highly Stretchable, Shape-Memory, and Self-Healing Elastomer toward Novel 4D Printing. , 2018, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[31]  Dong-Woo Cho,et al.  3D Printing of Organs-On-Chips , 2017, Bioengineering.

[32]  M. Javaid,et al.  Additive manufacturing applications in medical cases: A literature based review , 2018, Alexandria Journal of Medicine.

[33]  Ze-Rui Zhao,et al.  Multi-dimensional printing in thoracic surgery: current and future applications. , 2018, Journal of thoracic disease.

[34]  F. Rybicki,et al.  3D printing based on cardiac CT assists anatomic visualization prior to transcatheter aortic valve replacement. , 2016, Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography.

[35]  Eujin Pei,et al.  4D Printing: dawn of an emerging technology cycle , 2014 .

[36]  Mohd Javaid,et al.  Current status and challenges of Additive manufacturing in orthopaedics: An overview. , 2019, Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma.

[37]  Daniel Güllmar,et al.  3D printing of MRI compatible components: why every MRI research group should have a low-budget 3D printer. , 2014, Medical engineering & physics.

[38]  Skylar Tibbits,et al.  4D Printing: Multi‐Material Shape Change , 2014 .

[39]  Shally Awasthi,et al.  Rural background and low parental literacy associated with discharge against medical advice from a tertiary care government hospital in India , 2015 .

[40]  Wei-Hsin Liao,et al.  Increasing dimension of structures by 4D printing shape memory polymers via fused deposition modeling , 2017 .

[41]  B. Li,et al.  Bioprinting of skin constructs for wound healing , 2018, Burns & Trauma.

[42]  Eujin Pei,et al.  Technological considerations for 4D printing: an overview , 2018 .

[43]  Lang Xia,et al.  4D printing of polymeric materials for tissue and organ regeneration. , 2017, Materials today.